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CC - Item 3A - Attachment H - Initial Study Mitigated Negative DeclarationAttachment H Initial Study/Mitigated Declaration with Mitigation Monitoring Program INITIAL STUDY MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION Willard & Garvey Residential Project Lead Agency: City of Rosemead Contact: Lily T. Valenzuela, Planning & Economic Development Manager 8838 E. Valley Blvd. Rosemead, CA 91770 Phone: (626) 569-2142; Email: ltrinh@cityofrosemead.org Prepared by: Comprehensive Planning Service Contact: Joann Lombardo, Principal Phone: (949)243-5274; Email: joann@jalcps.com September 18, 2020 This page is intentionally blank. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................ 1 SECTION 1.0 – INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 2 1.1 INITIAL STUDY REQUIRED ................................................................................................. 2 1.2 STATUTORY AUTHORITY ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE .................................................................................... 3 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................... 5 2.1 PROJECT TITLE........................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 LEAD AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS ............................................................................. 5 2.3 CONTACT PERSON AND PHONE NUMBER ..................................................................... 5 2.4 PROJECT LOCATION .............................................................................................................. 5 2.5 PROJECT SPONSOR’S NAME AND ADDRESS ............................................................... 8 2.6 GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATION ......................................................................................... 8 2.7 ZONING...................................................................................................................................... 8 2.8 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT ................................................................................................ 8 2.9 EXISTING AND SURROUNDING LAND USES ............................................................. 16 2.10 OTHER PUBLIC AGENCIES WHOSE APPROVAL IS REQUIRED ............................ 21 2.11 HAVE CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES TRADITIONALLY AND CULTURALLY AFFILIATED WITH THE PROJECT AREA REQUESTED CONSULTATION PURSUANT TO PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 21080.3.1? IF SO, HAS CONSULTATION BEGUN? ............................................................................................................ 22 SECTION 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED ............ 23 SECTION 4.0 – DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY) ............................................................................................................................... 24 SECTION 5.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................. 25 SECTION 6.0 – ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ................................... 27 6.1 AESTHETICS ........................................................................................................................... 27 6.2 AGRICULTURE AND FOREST SERVICES ...................................................................... 30 6.3 AIR QUALITY .......................................................................................................................... 33 6.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................ 41 6.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES ..................................................................................................... 45 6.6 ENERGY .................................................................................................................................... 49 6.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS ........................................................................................................ 51 6.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ..................................................................................... 56 6.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS .................................................................. 60 6.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY .............................................................................. 65 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page ii 6.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING ............................................................................................... 70 6.12 MINERAL RESOURCES ........................................................................................................ 78 6.13 NOISE ....................................................................................................................................... 80 6.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING ........................................................................................... 89 6.15 PUBLIC SERVICES ................................................................................................................ 91 6.16 RECREATION .......................................................................................................................... 95 6.17 TRANSPORTATION ............................................................................................................... 97 6.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ................................................................................... 108 6.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ............................................................................ 111 6.20 WILDFIRE .............................................................................................................................. 114 6.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE ............................................................ 117 SECTION 7.0 – LIST OF PREPARERS ............................................................................ 119 7.1 PREPARATION – ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT..................................................... 119 7.2 PREPARATION - AIR QUALITY / GHG ANALYSIS ................................................... 119 7.3 PREPARATION - TRAFFIC ANALYSIS .......................................................................... 119 7.4 PREPARATION - NOISE ANALYSIS .............................................................................. 119 SECTION 8.0 – LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ............................... 120 APPENDICES A. Native American Heritage Commission Sacred Lands File Check and Consultation List, February 5, 2020. B. AB52 Letters to the Gabrieleño-Tongva Tribe, Gabrieleño-Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council, Gabrieleño/Tongva Nation, Gabrieleño/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians, and Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians-Kizh, February 12, 2020. C. “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Air Quality & Greenhouse Impact Study, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc., September 18, 2020. D. South Central Coastal Information Center Records Search, April 17, 2020. E. Phase I Environmental Site Assessment and Shallow Soil Sampling, Rosemead (Willard & Garvey), prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc., May 13, 2019. F. “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Traffic Study & On-Street Parking Evaluation, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc., September 14, 2020. G. “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Noise Impact Study, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc., August 4, 2020. H. “Geotechnical Due-Diligence Investigation and Percolation Study, Proposed Multi-Family Residential Development, 3133, 3141 & 3149 Willard Avenue, Rosemead, California”, prepared by Albus-Keefe & Associates, Inc., May 14, 2019. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page iii I. “Preliminary Low Impact Development (LID) Report, Tentative Tract No. 82875, 3133-3141 Willard, Rosemead, CA 91770”, prepared by Alan Short P.E., September 30, 2019. J. “Preliminary Hydrology Study for Rosemead, Tentative Tract No. 82875, 3133- 3141 Willard Avenue”, prepared by Alan Short P.E., October 4, 2019. LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1. Project Regional Location Map .......................................................... 6 Figure 2. Project Site Aerial Location .............................................................. 7 Figure 3. Project Conceptual Site Plan ........................................................... 17 Figure 4. Project Schematic Landscape Plan ................................................... 11 Figure 5. Project Architecture – 2 Unit Townhomes ......................................... 12 Figure 6. Project Architecture – 7 Unit Townhomes ......................................... 13 Figure 7. Project Architecture – 12 Unit Townhomes ....................................... 14 Figure 8. Project Site Existing Conditions Aerial Map ....................................... 17 Figure 9. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #1 ......................................... 18 Figure 10. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #2 ....................................... 18 Figure 11. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #3 ....................................... 19 Figure 12. View of Distribution Lines from Project Site Looking North on Willard Avenue .................................................................................................... 20 Figure 13. General Plan Land Use Map Existing Designations ............................ 71 Figure 14. Noise Monitoring Locations ........................................................... 83 Figure 15. City of Rosemead Low VMT Areas ................................................. 103 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page iv LIST OF TABLES Page Table 1: Plan Summary ................................................................................ 9 Table 2: Nearby Developments Contributing to Cumulative Projects .................. 20 Table 3: SCAQMD Regional Significance Thresholds ........................................ 34 Table 4: Comparison of Project Construction Emissions and Daily Criteria Values . 36 Table 5: Comparison of Project Operational Emissions and Daily Criteria Values .. 37 Table 6: Comparison of Project Construction and Operatoinal Emissions to SCAQMD Localized Signficance Thresholds.................................................................. 38 Table 7: Construction Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions ................................ 57 Table 8: Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions............................................. 58 Table 9: City of Rosemead Residential Noise Standards ................................... 82 Table 10: Noise Level Measurements ............................................................ 83 Table 11: Existing Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions ................................... 100 Table 12: Opening Year (2022) With Ambient Growth Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions .............................................................................................. 101 Table 13: Opening Year (2022) With Ambient Growth Plus With Cumulative Projects Plus Project Conditions Traffic Level Conditions ............................................. 101 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Initial Study assesses the potential environmental impacts of a proposal by The Olson Company to construct and operate the Willard & Garvey Residential Project, which consists of a 31 residential unit townhome community, located at 3133 and 3141 Willard Avenue, Rosemead, California. This proposed Project includes the following applications through the City of Rosemead Planning & Economic Department: • General Plan Amendment 19-01 • Zone Change 19-01 • Planned Development Review 19-01 • Vesting Tentative Tract Map 82875 This Initial Study finds with the imposition of mitigation measures related to Air Quality, Cultural Resources, Hazards and Hazardous Materials, Noise, Traffic, Tribal Cultural Resources and Mandatory Findings of Significance, all potentially significant impacts associated with the Project would be reduced to less than significant levels. Consequently, a Mitigated Negative Declaration will be prepared for the Project. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 2 SECTION 1.0 – INTRODUCTION 1.1 INITIAL STUDY REQUIRED Following preliminary review of the proposed Willard & Garvey Residential Project (Project), the City of Rosemead (City) has determined that the Project is subject to the guidelines and regulations of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This Initial Study addresses the direct, indirect, and cumulative environmental effects associated with the Project, as proposed. 1.2 STATUTORY AUTHORITY This Initial Study has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Public Resources Code Section 21000-21177) and pursuant to Section 15063 of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations (CCR). Consistent with the statutory authority, the purpose of this Initial Study is to provide the Lead Agency (i.e. the City) with information to determine if the proposed Project would have a significant environmental impact. Specifically, this Initial Study will: • Facilitate environmental assessment early in the design of the Project; • Provide the City with information to use as the basis for deciding whether to prepare an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) or Negative Declaration; • Enable the Applicant or City to modify the Project, mitigating adverse impacts, thereby enabling the Project to quality for a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration; • Provide documentation of the factual basis for the findings in a Negative Declaration or Mitigated Negative Declaration that the Project will not have a significant effect on the environment. The environmental documentation, which is ultimately selected by the City of Rosemead in accordance with CEQA, is intended as an informational document undertaken to provide an environmental basis for subsequent discretionary actions upon the Project. The resulting documentation is not, however, a policy document and its approval and/or certification neither presupposes nor mandates any actions on the part of those agencies from whom permits, and other discretionary approvals would be required. The environmental documentation and supporting analysis is subject to a public review period. The proposed Project is not a project "of statewide, regional, or areawide significance" as prescribed in Section 15206 of the CEQA Guidelines because it does not meet the criteria for such projects. Furthermore, project implementation does not require any action by a State Agency (i.e., “responsible” or “trustee” Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 3 agency). Therefore, the document will not be submitted to the State Clearinghouse for review and the review period is determined to be 20 days in accordance with Section 15073 of the CEQA Guidelines. Following review of any comments received, the City of Rosemead will consider these comments as a part of the Project’s environmental review and include them with the Initial Study documentation for consideration by the City of Rosemead in accordance with Section 15074(b) of the CEQA Guidelines. 1.3 INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE The information contained in this document is based, in part, on the following documents that include the Project site or provide information addressing the general project area or use: • City of Rosemead General Plan, adopted April 2010 (General Plan). The General Plan is a policy document designed to provide long- range guidance for decision-making affecting the future character of Rosemead. It represents the official statement of the community’s physical development, as well as its economic, social, and environmental goals. The General Plan is comprised of the following ten elements: Land Use; Circulation; Resource Management; Public Safety; Noise. The General Plan was used throughout this Initial Study as the fundamental planning document governing development on the Project site. • City of Rosemead General Plan Environmental Impact Report (EIR), certified October 2018 (General Plan EIR). The General Plan EIR (State Clearinghouse Number 2007111090) was prepared in support of the General Plan and in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) as amended (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.) and CEQA Guidelines (California Administrative Code Section 15000 et seq.). • City of Rosemead Housing Element 2014-2021, adopted October 2013 (Housing Element). The Housing Element provides the identification and analysis of existing and projected housing needs and articulates the City’s official policies for the preservation, conservation, improvement, and production of housing within the City of Rosemead for the 2014-2021 planning period. • City of Rosemead Zoning Code (Zoning Code). Chapter 17 of the City of Rosemead Municipal Code establishes the basic zoning regulations under which land is developed and utilized and by which the General Plan is systematically implemented. This includes allowable uses, building setback and height requirements, and other development standards. The basic intent of the Zoning Code is to promote and protect the public health, safety, convenience, and welfare of present and future citizens of the City. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 4 • California Building Code (2019) (CBC). The 2019 California Building Standards Code (Cal. Code Regs., Title 24) was published July 1, 2019, with an effective date of January 1, 2020. It incorporates all parts of the state building standards, including the Residential Code and Green Standards Code. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 5 SECTION 2.0 – PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PROJECT TITLE The Willard & Garvey Residential Project 2.2 LEAD AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS City of Rosemead 8838 E. Valley Blvd. Rosemead, CA 91770 2.3 CONTACT PERSON AND PHONE NUMBER Lily T. Valenzuela Planning & Economic Development Manager Phone: (626) 569-2142 Email: ltrinh@cityofrosemead.org 2.4 PROJECT LOCATION Regionally, the Project site consists of approximately 1.2 acres located within the Los Angeles County, south of Interstate 10 (I-10) and north of State Route 60 (SR-60), within the jurisdiction of the City of Rosemead. (Reference Figure 1, Project Regional Location Map.) Locally, the Project site is presently comprised of two parcels, addressed as 3133 and 3141 Willard Avenue, Rosemead, California 91770. Assessor parcel numbers for the properties are 5288-004-054, and 5288-003-057. Near the center of the Project site, Latitude and Longitude are 34°03’54/49” N / 118°05’01.87” W. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 6 Figure 1. Project Regional Location Map (source: Google Maps) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 7 Figure 2. Project Site Aerial Location (source: Google Maps) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 8 2.5 PROJECT SPONSOR’S NAME AND ADDRESS The Olson Company 3010 Old Ranch Parkway, Suite 100 Seal Beach, CA 90740 Contact: Steve Armanino Director of Development Phone: 562-596-4770 x218 Email: sarmanino@theolsonco.com 2.6 GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATION Current General Plan Land Use Map designation is Medium Density Residential with a density of 0-12 dwelling units per acre. 2.7 ZONING Current Zoning Map designation is R-2 Light Multiple Residential. 2.8 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT 2.8.1 SITE PLAN The Project consists of 31 residential townhome units constructed within eight buildings throughout the site. This includes one row townhome building with seven units, one row townhome building with 12 units, and two-unit townhomes. The units range in size from 1,232 square feet to 1,698 square feet with six different floor plans. Of the 31 residential townhome units, 20 would be 2-bedroom and 11 would be 3-bedroom. (Reference Figure 3. Project Conceptual Site Plan, and Table 1. Plan Summary) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 9 Figure 3. Project Conceptual Site Plan (source: The Olson Company) A two-car garage is proposed for each residential unit. In addition, the Project would provide 16 guest parking spaces for a total of 78 parking spaces, an average of 2.5 spaces per unit. Table 1: Plan Summary Plan Type # Units Bedrooms Unit (sf) P1 (Building 1) 2 2 1,232 P1x (Building 1) 2 2 1,284 P1 (Building 2) 2 2 1,242 P1x (Building 2) 2 2 1,352 P2 12 2 1,306 P3 6 3 1,424 P4 3 3 1,490 P4x 2 3 1,698 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 10 Open space within the Project would consist of 2,556 square feet of private open space consisting of patios and balconies, and 11,542 square feet of common open space consisting of a central community open space with a shade structure, barbeque and seating and a secondary open space with fire pit and seating. A total of 14,098 square feet of open space would be provided with an average of 454.8 square feet of open space per unit. (Reference Figure 4. Project Schematic Landscape Plan) Landscaping would be located at the periphery and within the site and consists of trees and shrubs. In addition, decorative paving would be provided at the open space areas and Project driveway entrance. Sidewalks would be provided throughout the site. Primary entry to the Project site would be from Willard via a 26-foot private drive aisle that would connect at a T-juncture to a 26-foot fire lane and hammer head, and then a 20 and 24-foot drive aisle. All of the Project’s eight buildings would take vehicular access from the drive aisles. As shown in Figure 3, the Project site is irregular in shape. The front yard setback is 20’-0”. The side yard setbacks vary between 8’-0” to 13-3”. The rear yard setback is 20’-0”. Walls within the Project development would be constructed of masonry stucco material, and would be constructed between 4’-0” to 5’-9” high along each of the site’s boundaries. In addition, the walls will be finished with a flat stuff cap. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 11 Figure 4. Project Schematic Landscape Plan (source: The Olson Company) 2.8.2 PROJECT ARCHITECTURE The Project consists of a Spanish architectural style, enhanced with design elements including balconies, decorative metal guard rails, decorative shutters, gabled roofs with end details, arched entry doorways, exposed rafter tails, decorative lighting, sectional garage doors, and concrete s-tile roofing. Three types of vibrant color schemes are proposed for the Project elevations. (Reference Figures 5. Project Architecture – 2-Unit Townhomes, 6. Project Architecture 7-Unit Townhomes, and 8. Project Architecture 12-unit Townhomes) The maximum building height is 35’. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 12 Figure 5. Project Architecture – 2-Unit Townhomes (source: The Olson Company) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 13 Figure 6. Project Architecture – 7-Unit Townhomes (source: The Olson Company) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 14 Figure 7. Project Architecture – 12-Unit Townhomes (source: The Olson Company) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 15 2.8.3 DEMOLITION AND GRADING Development of the proposed townhomes requires demolition of the existing on site structures and grading of the site. Approximately 1,470 square feet of existing buildings would be excavated. Grading would consist of approximately 11,000 cubic yards (CY) of onsite cut/fill (includes over-excavation) with approximately 1,000 CY of import. These demolition and grading activities could create impacts related to air quality emissions, (GHG) greenhouse gas emissions, noise and disturbance of potential on-site hazardous substances. These potential impacts are considered within this Initial Study as part of the Project. 2.8.4 PROJECT ENTITLEMENTS The Project would require several entitlements: • General Plan Amendment 19-01 • Zone Change 19-01 • Planned Development Review 19-01 • Vesting Tentative Tract Map 82875 Pursuant to Chapter 17.152.020 of the Zoning Code, an amendment to the General Plan Land Use Map, Zoning Code, and Zoning Map may be initiated by the Planning Commission, City Council or by the property owner. To facilitate development of the Project, the Applicant has submitted an application to change the General Plan Land Use Map designation of the property from Medium Density Residential, which allows for a density of 0-12 dwelling units per acre, to High Density Residential, which allows for a density of 0-30 dwelling units per acre. The Applicant is also requesting a change to the Zoning Map from Light Multiple Residential (R-2) to Planned Development (P- D). Project density would be 25.8 dwelling units per acre. Standards for the P-D would be set by the Project precise development plan, and these standards would function as the zoning for the site. Pursuant to Chapter 17.152.060 of the Zoning Code, approval of the General Plan Land Use Map amendment will require the Planning Commission to recommend and the City Council to make the following findings which are evaluated in Section 6.11 of this Initial Study: (1) The amendment is internally consistent with all other provisions of the General Plan. (2) The proposed amendment will not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience or welfare of the City. (3) The affected site is physically suitable in terms of design, location, operating characteristics, shape, size, topography, and the provision of public and emergency vehicle access, and public services and utilities and is served by highways and streets adequate in width and improvement to carry the kind and quantity of traffic the proposed use would likely generate, to ensure that the proposed use(s) and/or development will not endanger, jeopardize, or otherwise constitute a Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 16 hazard to the property or improvements in the vicinity in which the property is located. For Zoning Code changes and Zoning Map amendments, Chapter 17.152.060 of the Code requires the Planning Commission to recommend and the City Council to make the following findings which are evaluated in Section 6.11 of this Initial Study: (1) The proposed amendment is consistent with the General Plan and any applicable specific plan; and (2) The proposed amendment will not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience, or welfare of the City. (3) Additional finding for Zoning Code Amendments. The proposed amendment is internally consistent with other applicable provisions of this Zoning Code. (4) The affected site is physically suitable in terms of design, location, operating characteristics, shape, size, topography, and the provision of public and emergency vehicle access, and public services and utilities and is served by highways and streets adequate in width and improvement to carry the kind and quantity of traffic the proposed use would likely generate, to ensure that the proposed use(s) and/or development will not endanger, jeopardize, or otherwise constitute a hazard to the property or improvements in the vicinity in which the property is located. For P-D zoning, Chapter 17.24 of the City Zoning Code states that the P-D district is intended to provide for residential, commercial, industrial, or institutional developments that are characterized by innovative use and design concepts. This zone provides for a new development to offer amenities, quality, design excellence and other similar benefits to the community and not be inhibited by strict numerical development standards. Chapter 17.24.040 of the Code outlines the requirements for approval of a P-D. These requirements are discussed in Section 6.11 of this Initial Study. Pursuant to Chapter 16.04 of the Municipal Code, a Tentative Tract Map (TTM) is required to subdivide a property into 5 or more legal parcels or condominium ownerships. TTM 82875 has been initiated by the Project Applicant as required by the Municipal Code, which also outlines requirements for TTMs which are subject to review and approval by the Planning Commission. These requirements are discussed in Section 6.11 of this Initial Study. 2.9 EXISTING AND SURROUNDING LAND USES 2.9.1 EXISTING LAND USES The Project site consists of two parcels totaling approximately 1.2 acres of land developed with two existing residential structures, one is boarded up and the other is unoccupied. The two existing residential structures are located along the eastern portion of the site facing Willard Avenue, and addressed as 3133 and 3141 Willard Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 17 Avenue. The western portion of the site contains no structures and is covered with weeds and scattered vegetation. A few non-native trees are located on the site. (Reference Figure 8, Project Site Existing Conditions Aerial Map, and Figures 9-11, Project Site Existing Conditions Photos.) Historically, the first records available of site development date to 1928 and show that the site was developed as an orchard with the 3133 Willard Avenue residential structure developed.1 By 1948, the site is cleared of orchards and the residential structure at 3141 Willard Avenue is developed. Figure 8. Project Site Existing Conditions Aerial Map (Source: Google Maps) ** 1 Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment and Shallow Soil Sampling, Rosemead (Willard & Garvey), prepared by Stantec Consulting Services on behalf, May 13, 2019 and contained as Appendix E. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 18 Figure 9. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #1 (Source: Stantec) Figure 10. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #2 (Source: Stantec) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 19 Figure 11. Project Site Existing Conditions Photo #3 (Source: Stantec) 2.9.2 SURROUNDING LAND USES As shown in Figure 8, the Project site is located immediately east of a Southern California Edison (SCE) easement which contains transmission towers, approximately 120 feet in height and overhead lines. (Reference Figure 12, View of Distribution Lines from Project Site Looking North on Willard Avenue.) Portions of the easement adjacent to the site are developed with a wholesale nursery and Zapopan Park. Willard Elementary School is located immediately east of the site across Willard Avenue. Single family residential is located immediately north and south of the site. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 20 Figure 12. View of Distribution Lines from Project Site Looking North on Willard Avenue 2.9.2 CUMULATIVE PROJECTS Nearby developments considered in this Initial Study’s analysis of cumulative impacts are listed in Table 2, below: Table 2: Nearby Developments Contributing to Cumulative Impacts Address Proposed Project Status 7419-7459 Garvey Avenue Phase I: Residential/Commercial Mixed Use: • 48,000 Square Feet Commercial • Three Commercial Buildings (office, retail, restaurant) Phase II: 90 Residential Units (rear) Phase I: In Building Plan Check Phase II: A-Sheets submitted to Building 7801-7825 Garvey Avenue Residential/Commercial Mixed Use: • 15,553 Square Feet Commercial (office, retail, restaurant) • 60 Residential Units • 9 low income condominiums Under Construction (permits issued June 2018) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 21 Table 2: Nearby Developments Contributing to Cumulative Impacts Address Proposed Project Status 8002 Garvey Avenue Residential/Commercial Mixed Use: • 88,449 Commercial (hotel, office, retail, restaurant) • 92 Residential Units A-Sheets submitted to Building 8408 Garvey Avenue Residential/Commercial Mixed Use: • 11,500 Square Feet Commercial (office and retail) • 46 Residential Units • 7 low-income apartments Under Construction 8449 Garvey Avenue Residential/Commercial Mixed Use: • 7,200 Square Feet Commercial (office, retail, restaurant) • 35 Residential Units • 6 low-income apartments In Building Plan Check Demo Permit Issued 8900 Glendon Way Hampton Inn & Suites Hotel: • Five-Stories • 123 Guest Rooms In Building Plan Check 500 Montebello Boulevard Marriott Dual Hotel • 6 Stories • 199 Guest Rooms Discretionary Applications Submitted 3001 Walnut Grove Avenue Residential/Commercial Mixed Use • 4 Stories • 17,394 Square Feet Commercial • 42 Residential Condos (7 Low Income) Discretionary Applications Submitted 3035 San Gabriel Blvd Residential/Commercial Mixed Use • 6 stories • 50,849 Square Feet Commercial 144 Residential Units Site Plan Review 4316 Muscatel Ave. Residential Project • 10 Condominiums Pre-Application Submitted 2605-2607 San Gabriel Blvd. Conditional Use Permit • Proposal to operate a pre-school day care facility. Discretionary Applications Submitted 2.10 OTHER PUBLIC AGENCIES WHOSE APPROVAL IS REQUIRED Entitlement of the Project will require approval of this Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration by the City of Rosemead City Council, acting as lead agency. The Project also requires a series of entitlements that will require review and approval by the City of Rosemead Planning Commission and City Council. These entitlements include: Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 22 General Plan Land Use Map Amendment, Zoning Code and Map Amendment, Planned Development Plan Review, and Tentative Tract Map. No approval from other public agencies will be required. 2.11 HAVE CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES TRADITIONALLY AND CULTURALLY AFFILIATED WITH THE PROJECT AREA REQUESTED CONSULTATION PURSUANT TO PUBLIC RESOURCES CODE SECTION 21080.3.1? If so, has Consultation Begun? Yes. In correspondence dated February 5, 2020, the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) provided the results of a Sacred Lands File check which was positive for potential Native American resources. (Reference Appendix A.) The NAHC advises consultation with the following tribes: Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians, the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation, Gabrielino /Tongva Nation, Gabrielino Tongva Indians of California Tribal Council, Gabrielino- Tongva Tribe. On February 12, 2020, letters were sent to representatives of each of the NAHC listed tribes inviting each to request formal consultation (attached in Appendix B). This consultation process was completed as of April 29, 2020. The consultation process and potential Project impacts to Tribal Resources are discussed in Section 18 of this Initial Study. NOTE: Conducting consultation early in the CEQA process allows tribal governments, lead agencies, and project proponents to discuss the level of environmental review, identify and address potential adverse impacts to tribal cultural resources, and reduce the potential for delay and conflict in the environmental review process. (See Public Resources Code section 21080.3.2.) Information may also be available from the California Native American Heritage Commission’s Sacred Lands File per Public Resources Code section 5097.96 and the California Historical Resources Information System administered by the California Office of Historic Preservation. Please also note that Public Resources Code section 21082.3(c) contains provisions specific to confidentiality. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 23 SECTION 3.0 – ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact” as indicated by the checklist on the following pages. Aesthetics Agriculture and Forestry Resources Air Quality Biological Resources Cultural Resources Energy Geology/ Soils Greenhouse Gas Hazards & Hazardous Materials Hydrology/Water Quality Land Use/ Planning Mineral Resources Noise Population/ Housing Public Services Recreation Transportation Tribal Cultural Resources Utilities/Service Systems Wildfire Mandatory Findings of Significance Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 24 SECTION 4.0 – DETERMINATION: (TO BE COMPLETED BY THE LEAD AGENCY) On the basis of this initial evaluation:  I find that the proposed Project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.  I find that although the proposed Project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the Project have been made by or agreed to by the Project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.  I find that the proposed Project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required.  I find that the proposed Project MAY have a “potentially significant impact” or “potentially significant unless mitigated” impact on the environment, but at least one effect 1) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed.  I find that although the proposed Project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required. Signature Date Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 25 SECTION 5.0 – EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 1) A brief explanation is required for all answers except “No Impact” answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites in the parentheses following each question. A “No Impact” answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g., the Project falls outside a fault rupture zone.) A “No Impact” answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the Project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). 2) All answers must take account of the whole action involved, including off-site as well as on-site, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational impacts. 3) Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, then the checklist answers must indicate whether the impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. “Potentially Significant Impact” is appropriate if there is substantial evidence that an effect may be significant. If there are one or more “Potentially Significant Impact” entries when the determination is made, an EIR is required. 4) “Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated” applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures has reduced an effect from “Potentially Significant Impact” to a “Less Than Significant Impact.” The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures, and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level (mitigation measures from “Earlier Analyses,” as described in (5) below, may be cross-referenced). 5) Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or negative declaration. Section 15063(c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following: a) Earlier Analysis Used. Identify and state where they are available for review. b) Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis. c) Mitigation Measures. For effects that are “Less than Significant with Mitigation Measures Incorporated,” describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the project. 6) Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to information sources for potential impacts (e.g., general plans, zoning Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 26 ordinances). Reference to a previously prepares or outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. 7) Supporting Information Sources: A source list should be attached, and other sources used or individuals contacted should be cited in the discussion. 8) This is only a suggested form, and lead agencies are free to use different formats; however, lead agencies should normally address the questions from this checklist that are relevant to a project’s environmental effects in whatever format is selected. 9) The explanation of each issue should identify: a) the significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; and b) the mitigation measure identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significance. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 27 SECTION 6.0 – ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS The following section the environmental topics contained in the Initial Study, Appendix G of the CEQA Guidelines. For each environmental topic, the thresholds of significance are presented and the finding relative to each threshold is checked. An analysis supporting each finding is then presented along with an assessment of cumulative impacts and applicable mitigation requirements. 6.1 AESTHETICS Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact AESTHETICS. Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the project: a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? X b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? X c) In nonurbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? X d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? X 6.1.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? No Impact. The City of Rosemead General Plan (General Plan) does not identify scenic vistas. Views of the San Gabriel Mountains from the Project site could be considered scenic, but these views are not protected by the City and are generally limited to looking north down road corridors. Development of the Project would not alter views to mountains. The Project would be compatible with the existing Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 28 single-family residential uses in the surrounding neighborhood. Consequently, the Project would not have an adverse effect on a scenic vista. b) Would the Project substantially damage scenic resources, including but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? No Impact. The General Plan does not identify scenic resources, historic resources or state scenic highways within the City. Chapter 17.96.04 of the Zoning Code establishes policies to preserve oak trees. Included in the definition of “oak tree” is a tree of the genus Quercus, including, but not limited to, Valley Oak (Quercus lobata), California Live Oak (Quercus Agrifolia), Canyon Oak (Quercus chrysolepis), Interior Live Oak (Quercus wislizenii), and Scrub Oak (Quercus dumosa). Although there are a few scattered trees on the site, none of the trees are native or oak tree of the genus Quercus. Historical records indicate that the 3133 Willard Avenue residential structure was built in 1928, and the 3141 Willard Avenue residential structure was built in 1948.2 As discussed in Section 6.5.a of this Initial Study, although the two existing residential structures are 92 and 72 years, respectively, both are in disrepair and neither are designated historic buildings. Consequently, the Project would not damage scenic resources. c) Would the Project substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings? No Impact. Figures 10 and 11, above, show the existing condition of the Project site and two existing residential structures. One of the existing residential structures is boarded up and the grounds of both existing residential structures are generally unkept. As proposed, the Project would develop 31 residential townhome units within an architecturally cohesive development, including landscaping and amenities. The Project would be compatible with the existing single-family residential uses in the surrounding neighborhood. The Project would improve the visual character and quality of the site, and no significant adverse impacts to the site or surroundings would occur. d) Would the Project create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? No Impact. Existing light sources in the vicinity of the Project site include exterior lighting from surrounding uses. Vehicles on the adjacent street also have nighttime lighting. The Project would create new exterior lighting associated with the townhomes, interior private streets and Project entry. Project lighting would be regulated by Chapter 17.88 (Lighting) of the Municipal Code which requires exterior lighting to be adequately controlled and shielded to prevent glare and ** 2 Phase 1 Environmental Site Assessment and Shallow Soil Sampling, Rosemead (Willard & Garvey), prepared by Stantec Consulting Services on behalf, May 13, 2019 and contained as Appendix E. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 29 undesirable illumination to adjacent properties or streets. Compliance with this regulation would ensure that the new light sources created by the Project would not create glare or adversely affect the surrounding uses. Consequently, the Project would not create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. 6.1.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in significant adverse aesthetic impacts. The Project would improve the visual character of the site and surrounding area and would be consistent with existing residential development north and south of the site. Aesthetic impacts are generally site specific. None of the cumulative projects listed in Table 2 are within the immediate the vicinity of the Project site, and each of the projects will be subject to their own entitlement review. Consequently, the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative aesthetics impacts. 6.1.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse impacts regarding aesthetics. Consequently, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 30 6.2 AGRICULTURE AND FOREST SERVICES AGRICULTURAL/FOREST RESOURCES. In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. In determining whether impacts to forest resources, including timberland, are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to information compiled by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection regarding the state’s inventory of forest land, including the Forest and Range Assessment Project and the Forest Legacy Assessment project; and forest carbon measurement methodology provided in Forest Protocols adopted by the California Air Resources Board. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? X b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? X c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)) or timberland (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 4526) X d) Result in loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non- forest use? X e) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non- agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? X 6.2.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance? Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 31 No Impact. Although the Project site was used for agricultural purposes, as an orchard, from about 1928 until 1948, the City of Rosemead inclusive of the Project site is developed with urban land uses. No active agricultural uses are identified in the General Plan. The state of California Department of Conversation classifies the Project site and its surrounding areas as “urban and built-up land”.3 Consequently, the Project would not convert farmland to a non-agricultural use. b) Would the Project conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act Contract? No Impact. The Williamson Act (Cal. Govt. Code, §51200 et seq.) allows county governments to enter into contracts with private landowners who agree to restrict parcels of land to agricultural uses or uses compatible with agriculture for at least ten years. In return, landowners receive property tax assessments that are much lower than normal because they are based upon income derived from farming and open space uses as opposed to full market value of the property. There is no dedicated agriculture use currently within the City and no agricultural zoning designation or Williamson Act contracts. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with an agricultural use or Williamson Act contract. c) Would the Project conflict with existing zoning for or cause rezoning of, forest land? No Impact. The City, inclusive of the Project site, is developed with urban land uses. There are no forest, timberlands or forest zoning in the City. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with zoning for forest land. d) Would the Project result in the loss of forest land or the conversion of forest land to a non-forest use? No Impact. As discussed in Section 6.2.c of this Initial Study, above, the City, inclusive of the Project site, is developed with urban land uses. There are no forest, timberlands or forest zoning in the City. Consequently, the Project would not result in the loss or conversion of forest land. e) Would the Project involve other changes in the existing environment that, due to their location or nature, may result in conversion of farmland to non- agricultural use No Impact. As discussed in Sections 7.2.a, b and c of this Initial Study, above, the City, inclusive of the Project site, is developed with urban land uses. There are no farmlands or forests in the City. Consequently, the Project would not result in the loss or conversion of farmland or forest land. ** 3https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/dlrp/ciff/; accessed February 23, 2020. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 32 6.2.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS There are no agriculture nor forest resources within the City. Consequently, development within the City would not cause impacts to agriculture or forest resources; and the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative agriculture and or forest resource impacts. 6.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on agriculture and or forest resources. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 33 6.3 AIR QUALITY AIR QUALITY. Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? X b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non- attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? X c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? X d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors)adversely affecting a substantial number of people? X 6.3.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Air Quality section is based on the “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Air Quality & Greenhouse Impact Study, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc. (Air Quality Impact Study) and contained as Appendix C to this Initial Study. a) Would the Project conflict with or obstruct the implementation of the applicable air quality plan? Less Than Significant Impact. The City of Rosemead is within the South Coast Air Basin (SCAB), which is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the south and west and mountains to the north and east. Air quality in the South Coast Air Basin is managed by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). The SCAQMD and the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) are the agencies responsible for preparing the Air Quality Management Plan (AQMP) for the SCAB. The AQMP was designed to comply with State and federal requirements, reduce the high level of pollutant emissions in the SCAB, and ensure clean air for the region through various control measures. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 34 The regional AQMP is updated periodically with the most recent SCAB AQMP adopted in March 2017 and referred to as the 2016 AQMP. According to the 2016 AQMP, the most significant air quality challenge in the SCAB is to reduce nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions sufficiently to meet the upcoming ozone standard deadlines. The 2016 AQMP suggests that total SCAB emissions of NOx must be reduced to approximately 141 tons per day (tpd) in 2023 and 96 tpd in 2031 to attain the 8-hour ozone standards. This represents an additional 45 percent reduction in NOx in 2023, and an additional 55 percent NOx reduction beyond 2031 levels. In compliance with the 2016 AQMP, the SCAQMD establishes air quality emissions thresholds for criteria air pollutants for the purposes of determining whether a project may have a significant effect on the environment per Section 15002(g) of the Guidelines for implementing CEQA. By complying with the thresholds of significance, the Project would be in compliance with the SCAQMD AQMP as well as federal and state air quality standards. Table 3 lists the air quality significance thresholds for the six criteria air pollutants, including NOx, that are relevant to the Project and analyzed in the Air Quality Impact Study. Table 3: SCAQMD Regional Significance Thresholds Pollutant 1 Construction (lbs/day) 2 Operation (lbs/day) NOX 100 55 VOC 75 55 PM10 150 150 PM2.5 55 55 SOX 150 150 CO 550 550 1 ROG (reactive organic gases); NOx (oxides of nitrogen); CO (carbon monoxide); PM-10 (respirable 10-micron diameter particulate matter); PM-2.5 (respirable 2.5- micron diameter particulate matter; SOx (oxides of sulfur). 2 pounds (lbs)/day As discussed in Section 6.3.b, below, neither the construction nor the operation would exceed NOx thresholds set by the 2016 AQMP or any of the other air pollutant thresholds set by the SCAQMD and listed above in Table 3. Consequently, the Project is consistent with the goals of 2016 AQMP and its potential impacts are less than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 35 b) Would the Project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard Less Than Significant Impact. A violation of an air quality standard could occur over the short-term during construction, or over the long-term during its subsequent operation. Each is addressed below. Construction Impacts: Project construction raises localized ambient pollutant concentrations. Construction air quality impacts are considered significant if they exceed any of the construction thresholds listed in Table 3. During construction air quality impacts may occur during demolition, site preparation, and construction activities associated with the project. Major sources of emissions during construction include exhaust emissions, fugitive dust generated as a result of soil and material disturbance during site preparation, and grading activities, and painting of the structures. Table 4 presents the calculation of daily emissions projected for site construction. The calculations presented in the Table are the results of the CalEEMod Model which applies typical construction equipment, labor, phasing and materials to the project, based on its size, location and proposed timing. The CalEEMod Model is not intended as an exact accounting of what equipment will ultimately be used and what emissions are produced by a project. Rather, the model represents a “yard stick” by which projects may be compared on a one-to-one basis. The methodology applied by the CalEEMod Model are based on studies performed by the SCAQMD for construction projects in the southern California. The SCAQMD recommends use of the CalEEMod Model for typical construction projects. To assess air quality construction impacts for the Project, the Air Quality Impact Study inputted the following assumptions into the CalEEMod Model: (1) Construction of the Project is assumed to begin in year 2021 and last approximately 12 months; (2) Approximately 1,470 square feet of buildings, site preparation, grading, building construction, paving, and architectural coating will be removed from the site during demolition; (3) Grading will require soil import of approximately 1,000 cubic yard of fill materials; (5) Construction phases are not expected to overlap (Reference Appendix C). Construction impacts are estimated by construction phase: demolition, site preparation, grading, building construction, paving and architectural coating. As shown in Table 4, all construction related emissions are within their respective threshold values and the impact is less than significant. Table 4: Comparison of Projected Construction Emissions and Daily Criteria Values (Pounds/Day) Activity VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 Demolition 2.06 19.83 14.99 0.03 1.22 1.02 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 36 Table 4: Comparison of Projected Construction Emissions and Daily Criteria Values (Pounds/Day) Site Preparation 1.59 17.45 7.88 0.02 3.07 1.86 Grading 1.59 22.84 8.71 0.04 3.19 1.75 Building Construction 1.93 14.00 13.86 0.03 0.95 0.73 Paving 0.84 7.78 9.38 0.01 0.56 0.42 Architectural Coating 19.64 1.54 1.98 0.00 0.14 0.11 Maximum 20.47 22.84 13.86 0.04 3.19 1.86 SCAQMD Threshold 75 100 550 150 150 55 Exceeds Threshold (?) No No No No No No Operational Impacts: The major source of long-term air quality impacts is that associated with the emissions produced from project-generated vehicle trips. Stationary sources add only minimally to these values. Mobile Source Emissions: To assess the traffic impacts associated with the Project, a traffic impact study was prepared (“Willard & Garvey Residential Development Traffic Study & On-Street Parking Evaluation, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc. (Traffic Impact Study) and contained as Appendix F to this Initial Study). According to the Traffic Impact Study, the Project is estimated to generate 169 average daily vehicle trips (ADT) during the weekday. Based on CalEEMod estimates, the Project is estimated to generate 152 ADT on Saturday and 127 ADT on Sunday. Stationary Source Emissions: In addition to vehicle trips, the future Project occupants would produce emissions from on-site sources including the combustion of natural gas for space and water heating and the use other heating sources (e.g., hearths). Additionally, the structures would be maintained and this requires repainting over time, thus resulting in the release of additional emissions. Also, the use of consumer aerosol products, such as cleaners, is associated with the Project and these release emissions. Finally, the landscape would require maintenance and this equipment produces combustion emissions. The resultant emissions are projected by the Air Quality Impact Study CalEEMod computer model and included in Table 5. As discussed above, the CalEEMod Model methodology is based on studies performed by the SCAQMD for typical projects in the southern California and represents a “yard stick” by which projects may be compared on a one-to-one basis. As shown in Table 5, all operational related emissions are within their respective threshold values and the impact is less than significant. In accordance with SCAQMD methodology, projects that do not exceed or can be mitigated to less than the daily threshold values do not add significantly to a Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 37 cumulative impact. Neither the construction nor the operation of the Project would exceed the recommended SCAQMD threshold levels and this impact is less than significant. Table 5: Comparison of Projected Daily Operational Emissions and Daily Criteria Values (Pounds/day)1 Activity VOC NOx CO SO2 PM10 PM2.5 Mobile Sources 0.30 1.49 4.14 0.02 1.24 0.34 Energy Sources 0.01 0.10 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.01 Area Sources 0.80 0.47 2.75 0.00 0.05 0.05 Total 1.11 2.06 6.93 0.02 1.30 0.40 SCAQMD Threshold 55 55 550 150 150 55 Exceeds Threshold (?) No No No No No No 1 Maximum daily emissions during summer or winter; includes both on-site and off-site project emissions. c) Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. Project construction and operation have the potential to raise localized ambient pollutant concentrations. This could present a significant impact to sensitive receptors if these concentrations were to exceed the State or federal ambient air quality standards at receptor locations. Sensitive receptors adjacent to the Project site include Willard Elementary School located directly east of the site, and residential to the north and south. Localized Significance Thresholds: SCAQMD establishes localized significance thresholds (LSTs) based on the ambient concentrations of four applicable air pollutants for source receptor area (SRA) 8 – West San Gabriel Valley. The nearest existing sensitive receptors are the single family houses immediately adjacent to the site and the elementary school located about 30 feet away on the east side of Willard Avenue. Pollutants with the greatest potential to impact adjacent sensitive receptors come from diesel fuel operated trucks and equipment, and particulate dust. To measure LSTs, the Air Quality Study utilized SCAQMD’s significance tables which measures the approximate amount of pollutants that reach nearby properties. These calculated LST thresholds are presented in Table 6 for both construction and operational emissions. As shown in the Table, emissions would be below levels of significance. However, because of the close proximity to sensitive receptors, including children at Willard Elementary School, the Air Quality Study recommends several standard dust control measures to be applied Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 38 during Project construction. These measures have been added to the Project as Mitigation Measures AQ-1 and AQ-2. With inclusion of this measure, Project impacts to sensitive receptors would be less than significant. Table 6: Comparison of Projected Construction and Operational Emissions to SCAQMD Localized Significance Thresholds1 (LST) (Pounds/day) Pollutant NOx CO PM10 PM2.5 Project Construction Maximum Emissions 17.42 12.90 2.98 1.83 LST Construction Thresholds 98.0 812.0 6.0 4.0 Exceeds LST Construction Thresholds? No No No No Project Operation Emissions 0.65 3.00 0.12 0.07 LST Operational Thresholds 114.0 861.0 2.0 1.0 Exceeds LST Operational Thresholds? No No No No Toxic Air Contaminants: Other potential impacts that could affect sensitive receptors are Toxic Air Contaminants (TACs) is defined as air pollutants that may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or serious illness, or which may pose a hazard to human health, and for which there is no concentration that does not present some risk. The primary source of TACs from non-industrial land use development projects would include diesel particulate matter (DPM) generated from diesel exhaust emissions. The Project would consist of residential uses. This type of project does not include major sources of toxic air contaminants (TAC) emissions that would result in significant exposure of sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. Therefore, the Project TAC impact is considered less than significant. CO Hot Spot Emissions: A CO hot spot is a localized concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) that is above the state one-hour standard of 20 ppm or the eight- hour standard of 9 ppm. At the time of the publishing of the 1993 CEQA Air Quality Handbook, the SCAB was designated nonattainment, and projects were required to perform hot spot analyses to ensure they did not exacerbate an existing problem. Since this time, the SCAB has achieved attainment status and the potential for hot spots caused by vehicular traffic congestion has been greatly reduced. In fact, the SCAQMD AQMP found that peak CO concentrations were primarily the result of unusual meteorological and topographical conditions, not traffic congestion. Additionally, the 2003 SCAQMD AQMP found that, at four of the busiest intersections in SCAB, there were no CO hot spots concentrations. Furthermore, the Traffic Impact Study (Appendix F), found that all significant Project traffic impacts would be mitigated to less than significant levels. Therefore, the Project would not significantly increase traffic congestion in the Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 39 vicinity of the site that would lead to the formation of CO Hot Spots. The Project impact to CO Hot Spots is less than significant. d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? Less Than Significant Impact. Project construction would involve the use of heavy equipment creating exhaust pollutants from on-site earth movement and from equipment bringing concrete and other building materials to the site. Odors associated with this exhaust would be confined to the immediate vicinity of the equipment itself. By the time such emissions reach any sensitive receptor sites away from the Project site, they will be diluted to well below any level of air quality concern. Additionally, some odor would be produced from the application of asphalt, paints, and coatings. Any exposure to these common odors would be of short-term duration and, while unpleasant and potentially adverse, are not associated with a specific health hazard and are less than significant. Operational odors could be produced from on-site cooking or barbeque typical of a residential use. Because these odors are common in the environment, they would not constitute a significant impact.4 6.3.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS As discussed above, in accordance with SCAQMD methodology, projects that do not exceed or can be mitigated to less than the daily threshold values do not add significantly to a cumulative impact. Neither the construction nor the operation of the Project would exceed the recommended SCAQMD threshold levels and consequently, the Project would not create significant cumulative impacts relative to air quality. 6.3.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigations are recommended to further reduce potential construction air pollutant impacts to sensitive receptors. Mitigation Measure AQ-1: Fugitive Dust Control. Timing: Prior and During Construction. Department Responsible: Community Development. The project must follow the standard SCAQMD rules and requirements with regards to fugitive dust control, which includes, but are not limited to the following: 1. All active construction areas shall be watered two (2) times daily. ** 4 SCAQMD CEQA Air Quality Handbook, Figure 5-4, Land Uses Associated with Odor Complaints identifies potentially significant odor impacts from such uses as agriculture (farming and livestock), a wastewater treatment plant, a food processing plant, a chemical plant, a composting facility, a refinery, a landfill, or a dairy. No significant odor impacts are identified from residential uses. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 40 2. Speed on unpaved roads shall be reduced to less than 15 mph. 3. Any visible dirt deposition on any public roadway shall be swept or washed at the site access points within 30 minutes. 4. Any on-site stockpiles of debris, dirt or other dusty material shall be covered or watered twice daily. 5. All operations on any unpaved surface shall be suspended if winds exceed 15 mph. 6. Access points shall be washed or swept daily. 7. Construction sites shall be sandbagged for erosion control. 8. Apply nontoxic chemical soil stabilizers according to manufacturers’ specifications to all inactive construction areas (previously graded areas inactive for 10 days or more). 9. Cover all trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil, or other loose materials, and maintain at least 2 feet of freeboard space in accordance with the requirements of California Vehicle Code (CVC) section 23114. 10.Pave or gravel construction access roads at least 100 feet onto the site from the main road and use gravel aprons at truck exits. 11.Replace the ground cover of disturbed areas as quickly possible. 12.A fugitive dust control plan should be prepared and submitted to SCAQMD prior to the start of construction. Mitigation Measure AQ-2: Construction Management Plan. Timing: Prior and During Construction. Department Responsible: Community Development and Public Works. Prepare and implement a Construction Management Plan which will include Best Available Control Measures for review and acceptance by the Community Development and Public Works Department. The plan shall include strategies for ensuring the following measures are implemented: 1. Require all construction equipment to have Tier 3 modified to Tier 4 or Tier 4 low emission “clean diesel” engines that include diesel oxidation catalysts and diesel particulate filters that meet the latest CARB best available control technology. 2. All construction vehicles shall be prohibited from excessive idling. Excessive idling is defined as five (5) minutes or longer. 3. Minimize the simultaneous operation of multiple construction equipment units. 4. The use of heavy construction equipment and earthmoving activity should be suspended during Air Alerts when the Air Quality Index reaches the “Unhealthy” level. 5. Establish an electricity supply to the construction site and use electric powered equipment instead of diesel-powered equipment or generators, where feasible. 6. Establish staging areas for the construction equipment that are as distant as possible from adjacent sensitive receptors (residential land uses). 7. Use haul trucks with on-road engines instead of off-road engines for on-site hauling. 8. Utilize zero VOC and low VOC paints and solvents, wherever possible. 9. Provide perimeter green screen construction fencing, with perimeter block walls to be constructed with the first phase of production residential units. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 41 6.4 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modification, on any species identified as candidate, sensitive or special status species in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife? X b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife? X c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands as defined by Boulevard 404 of the Clean Water Act (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling hydrological interruption, or other means? X d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? X e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? X f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Conservancy Conservation X Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 42 BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? 6.4.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project adversely impact either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No Impact. The Project site is disturbed and developed with residential structures. Onsite vegetation consists of weeds, and scattered non-native shrubs and trees. Surrounding areas are fully urbanized, including the adjacent SCE easement which is occupied by a park and wholesale nursery. The General Plan does not identify any biological resources within the City. There are no species identified as endangered, candidate, sensitive, or special status species within the limits of either the site or in the immediate area. Consequently, no significant impact would occur to any sensitive species designated by the resources agencies as a result of Project implementation. b) Would the Project have a substantial impact on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? No Impact. As noted above, the Project site is disturbed and developed with residential structures. Onsite vegetation consists of weeds, and scattered non- native shrubs and trees. Surrounding areas are fully urbanized, including the adjacent SCE easement which is occupied by a park and wholesale nursery. No riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community are known to occur on the site or surrounding area. Although some small rodents and mammals that adapt to urban development may exist on the site, no native habitat or grasslands occur on the site that would represent a significant source of foraging for raptors and other sensitive or protected species. No significant biological resources are identified in the General Plan. Consequently, Project implementation would not result in significant adverse impacts to riparian or other sensitive natural community c) Would the Project have a substantial impact on federally protected wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 43 marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? No Impact. Wetlands are defined under the federal Clean Water Act as land that is flooded or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that normally does support, a prevalence of vegetation adapted to life in saturated soils. Wetlands include areas such as swamps, marshes, streams, lakes, and bogs. According to the USFWS National Wetlands Mapper5, there no wetlands within the vicinity of the Project site. Further as discussed above, the adjacent channel is concreted sided. The Project site and its surrounding area are fully development and do not contain riparian habitat or non-channelized water courses. Consequently, the Project would not cause a substantial adverse effect on federally protected wetlands. d) Would the Project interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory life corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? Less Than Significant. As discussed above, the Project site is surrounded by urban land uses and does not contain identified native or sensitive species, riparian or sensitive habitats or wetlands. There are a number of non-native trees on the site, but because they are surrounded by urban uses, the trees are unlikely to provide suitable habitat, including nesting habitat, for migratory birds under the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and under Section 3513 et. seq. of the CDFW Code.6 The site and surroundings provide no evidence of burrows or rodent populations to support burrowing owls. Consequently, Project impacts regarding substantial interference with the movement of a species would be less than significant. e) Would the Project conflict with any local policies or ordinances, protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? No Impact. Existing vegetation on the site consists of weeds, and scattered shrubs and trees. The General Plan does not identify the Project area as supporting sensitive habitat and/or important biological resources. Oak trees are protected by Chapter 17.96.04 of the Zoning Code, but no oak trees occur on site. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with a policy that protects biological resources such as a tree preservation policy. f) Would the Project conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or State habitat conservation plan? ** 5 http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/mapper.HTML; accessed February 23, 2020. 6 Migratory birds include all native birds in the United States, as listed in 50 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations) 10.13 (List of Migratory Birds). Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 44 No Impact. The City does not have any adopted Habitat Conservation Plans, Natural Community Conservation Plans or other conservation plans within its corporate boundaries. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan or Natural Community Conservation Plan. 6.4.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The impacts on biological resources are typically site specific. The proposed Project would not involve any loss of protected habitat since no such habitat is found within the Project site’s boundaries. As a result, no significant cumulative impacts on biological resources will be associated with the proposed project’s implementation. 6.4.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The Project would not have significant impacts relative to biological resources, and no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 45 6.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES CULTURAL AND RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in § 15064.5? X b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to § 15064.5? X c) Disturb any human remains including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? X 6.5.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource as defined in § 15064.5 of the CEQA? No Impact. The CEQA Guidelines, Section 15064.5, define “historic resources” to include the following: (1) A resource listed in, or determined to be eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission, for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources (Pub. Res. Code § 5024.1, Title 14 CCR, Section 4850 et seq.). (2) A resource included in a local register of historical resources, as defined in section 5020.1(k) of the Public Resources Code or identified as significant in an historical resource survey meeting the requirements section 5024.1(g) of the Public Resources Code, shall be presumed to be historically or culturally significant.7 (3) Any object, building, structure, site, area, place, record, or manuscript which a lead agency determines to be historically significant or significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California may be considered to be an historical resource, provided the lead agency’s determination is supported by substantial evidence in light of the whole record. Generally, a resource shall be considered by the lead agency to be “historically significant” if the resource meets ** 7 California Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k), Section 5024.1(g). Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 46 the criteria for listing on the California Register of Historical Resources (Pub. Res. Code § 5024.1, Title 14 CCR, Section 4852) including the following: (A) Is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of California’s history and cultural heritage; (B) Is associated with the lives of persons important in our past; (C) Embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction, or represents the work of an important creative individual, or possesses high artistic values; or (D) Has yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. The two existing residential structures on site were constructed between 1928 and 1948. However, although they are 92 and 72 years old, respectively, these structures are not listed on any local, state or national register. Nor are the structures associated with a significant event in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, or culture, and have no identified historical value. The General Plan does not identify any national, state or locally identified historic resources in the City. Consequently, the Project would not result in an impact to a historical resource. b) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. This Section discusses potential impacts to other “unique archaeological resources” which are defined by §15064.5 of the CEQA Guidelines as an archaeological artifact, object, or site about which it can be clearly demonstrated that, without merely adding to the current body of knowledge, there is a high probability that it meets any of the following criteria: (1) Contains information needed to answer important scientific research questions and that there is a demonstrable public interest in that information. (2) Has a special and particular quality such as being the oldest of its type or the best available example of its type. (3) Is directly associated with a scientifically recognized important prehistoric or historic event or person. To identify potential archaeological resources on the Project site and its vicinity, a records search by the South Central Coastal Information Center (SCCIC) was conducted and the results are summarized in an April 17, 2020 letter from SCCIC, contained in Appendix D of this Initial Study document. The SCCIC search included a review of all recorded archaeological and built-environment resources as well as a review of cultural resource reports on file. In addition, the California Points of Historical Interest (SPHI), the California Historical Landmarks (SHL), the California Register of Historical Resources (CAL REG), the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), and the California State Historic Properties Directory (HPD) listings were reviewed for the Project site. As summarized in the SCCIC letter, no archaeological studies have been conducted in the Project area and as a result, no archaeological resources have been identified. SCCIC notes that buried resources could potentially be unearthed Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 47 during Project grading activities, and therefore, customary caution and a halt- work condition should be in place for all ground-disturbing activities. In the event that any evidence of cultural resources is discovered, all work within the vicinity of the find should stop until a qualified archaeological consultant can assess the find and make recommendations. Mitigation Measure CUL-1, below, is added to the Project to incorporate SCCIC’s recommendations and protect potential archaeological resources. With inclusion of these measures, potential impacts relative to archaeological resources would be reduced to less than significant levels. c) Would the Project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. As discussed in Section 6.5.b, above, the Project site is not within the vicinity of identified archaeological resources, has already been graded and developed, and does not include substantial excavation. There are no cemeteries within Rosemead. However, similar to many communities within the region, Native Americans historically occupied the region. Should human remains be encountered during Project grading and construction activities, pursuant to state of California Health and Safety Code provisions (notably § 7050.5-7055), all construction activities must cease, and the Los Angeles County Coroner, City Planning & Economic Division and Sheriff’s Department shall be immediately contacted. Mitigation Measure CUL- 2, below, is added to the Project to reduce the potential impacts related to encountering or disturbing human remains to less than significant levels. 6.5.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Impacts to cultural resources are site specific. None of the cumulative projects listed in Table 2 are within the immediate the vicinity of the Project site, and each of the projects will be subject to their own entitlement review. Consequently, no significant cumulative impacts relative to cultural resources would occur as a result of the Project. 6.5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigation will be required to protect potential archaeological resources: Mitigation Measure CUL-1: Unanticipated Discovery of Archaeological Resources. Timing: Prior to Issuance of Grading Permits. Division Responsible: Planning. If an archaeological resource is encountered during ground-disturbing activities, work within 50 feet of the find must halt and a qualified archaeologist meeting the Secretary of the Interior’s Professional Qualifications Standards for archaeology must be contacted immediately to evaluate the find. If the discovery proves to be significant under CEQA, additional work such as data recovery excavation may be warranted. The on-site monitoring shall end when the project site excavation activities are completed, or sooner if the archaeologist indicates that the site has a low potential for archeological Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 48 resources. During monitoring, the archaeologist shall complete monitoring logs on a daily basis. The logs will provide descriptions of the daily activities, including construction activities, locations, soil, and any cultural materials identified. Following completion of monitoring, the archaeologist shall prepare a summary memorandum of finds, their significance under CEQA and their disposition. (*Note: The California Historical Resources Information System contains a listing of qualified archaeologists at www.chrisinfo.org.) Mitigation Measure CUL-2: Unanticipated Discovery of Human Remains. Timing: Prior to Issuance of Grading Permits. Division Responsible: Planning. The discovery of human remains is always a possibility during ground- disturbing activities. If human remains are found, the State of California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states that no further disturbance shall occur until the county coroner has made a determination of origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. In the event of an unanticipated discovery of human remains, the county coroner must be notified immediately. If the human remains are determined to be prehistoric, the coroner will notify the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC), which will determine and notify a most likely descendant (MLD). The MLD shall complete the inspection of the site within 48 hours of notification and may recommend scientific removal and nondestructive analysis of human remains and items associated with Native American burials. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 49 6.6 ENERGY ENERGY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? X b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? X 6.6.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation? No Impact. The Project is an infill development, replacing two existing residential structures with 31 residential townhome units. Multifamily infill projects such as this Project are by their nature energy efficient. High density housing provides housing for more people on less land, and infill housing links to existing infrastructure without the added energy cost of extending roads or water and sewer lines. In addition, as a new development, the Project would be required to comply with the CBC, including Green Building Code requirements that require energy efficient appliances, low water use plumbing and solar. The Project would incorporate required energy efficient measures such as the following: • Drip irrigation • Low flow plumbing fixtures • Energy efficient appliances and light fixtures • Net Zero 2020 (enhanced Title 24 standards) • Solar Consequently, the Project would not result in the potentially significant wasteful consumption of energy resources. b) Would the Project conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 50 No Impact. The General Plan contains a number of policies that promote energy efficiency. The energy related General Plan policies most applicable to the Project include: • Action 5.5 Ensure that new developments construct buildings that exceed minimum statewide energy construction requirements beyond Title 24 energy requirements. • Action 5.6 In new residential developments, promote and/or provide incentives for the use of Energy- Star rated appliances. • Action 5.8 Encourage new development to employ passive heating and cooling design strategies to the extent feasible. Strategies to be considered include orientation; natural ventilation, including cross-ventilation in residential units; high insulation values, energy efficient windows with high performance glass; light-colored or high-albedo (reflective) roofing and exterior walls; window shading; and landscaping that provides shading during appropriate seasons. • Action 5.9 Encourage new developments to implement U.S. EPA Certified WaterSense labeled or equivalent faucets and high-efficiency toilets in residential uses, and implement water conserving shower heads to the extent feasible. As noted above, the Project would be incorporate CBC and Green Building Code requirements that require energy efficient appliances, low water use plumbing and solar. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with or obstruct a plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency. 6.6.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS As an infill development built in accordance with the CBC, the Project would not have adverse impacts relative to energy. Other development projects within the City would be required to incorporate energy efficient measures consistent with the CBC and City policies. As a result, no significant cumulative impacts relative to energy will be associated with the proposed Project’s implementation. 6.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts relative to energy. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 51 6.7 GEOLOGY AND SOILS GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. X ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? X iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? X iv) Landslides? X b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? X c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? X d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? X e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? X Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 52 GEOLOGY AND SOILS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? X 6.7.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Geology and Soils section references information contained in the “Geotechnical Due-Diligence Investigation and Percolation Study, Proposed Multi-Family Residential Development, 3133, 3141 & 3149 Willard Avenue, Rosemead, California”, (Geotechnical Investigation) prepared by Albus-Keefe & Associates; and contained in Appendix H. a) Would the Project cause exposure of people or structures to potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault (as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault), ground-shaking, liquefaction, or landslides? (i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or base on other substantial evidence of a known fault? No Impact. The City of Rosemead is within the seismically active Southern California region. Within a 25 mile radius, the General Plan Public Safety Element identifies active faults that could affect Rosemead: Whittier, Puente Hills, Upper Elysian Park, Raymond, Sierra Madre, Verdugo, San Jose, Hollywood, and Clamshell-Sawpit faults. The only known active fault at the surface within the City is the Alhambra Wash fault, which is located generally along the Alhambra Wash and at its closest point is about one 0.75 mile southwest of the Project site. The Alhambra Wash fault is within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone. Enacted by the state of California in December 1972, the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone Act (Act) is intended to prevent the construction of buildings used for human occupancy on the surface trace of active faults. In accordance with the Act, before a new project is permitted, all California cities and counties must require a geologic investigation to demonstrate that proposed buildings will not be constructed on active faults8. In addition to the Alhambra Wash Fault, the General ** 8 https://earthquake.usgs.gov/education/geologicmaps/apfaults.php; accessed June 26, 2020. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 53 Plan Public Safety Element identifies other unnamed fault segments or suspected faults of unknown age of last movement mapped across the City. Potential seismic/earthquake hazards include surface fault rupture, ground shaking, earthquake-induced liquefaction and landslides that includes nearby faults. The Geotechnical Investigation found that no seismic faults are known to occur on the Project site and the site does not lie within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone.9 The nearest fault to the Project site identified by geotechnical evaluation is the Workman Hill Fault located approximately 0.60 miles southwest. Because of no active faults are on or adjacent to the Project site, there is no potential for a Project building to be constructed on a fault zone. Consequently, Project impacts related to rupture of a known earthquake fault as delineated on the Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Map would not be significant. ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed above, the site is situated in a seismically active area and near several seismically active faults that could generate ground shaking in Rosemead. As required by the CBC, additional geotechnical and soils studies are required prior to Project grading. Project construction must then comply with the requirements of the approved geotechnical report and CBC. Compliance with these measures would mitigate potential adverse impacts from strong seismic ground shaking. Consequently, Project impacts related to rupture of a known earthquake fault would be less than significant. iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? Less Than Significant Impact. Liquefaction can be defined as the loss of soil strength or stiffness due to a buildup of pore-water pressure during a seismic event and is associated primarily with relatively loose, saturated fine- to medium- grained unconsolidated soils. Seismic ground shaking of relatively loose, granular soils that are saturated or submerged can cause the soils to liquefy and temporarily behave as a dense fluid. A relatively shallow groundwater table (within approximately 50 feet below ground surface) or completely saturated soil conditions that contribute to liquefaction. Figure 5-5 of the General Plan Public Safety Element shows that most of the City, including the Project site, are within areas susceptible to earthquake induced liquefaction and landslides. The Geotechnical Investigation performed subsurface exploratory borings to a depth of 51.5 feet, with no ground water found. The ** 9 Geotechnical Due-Diligence Investigation and Percolation Study, Proposed Multi-Family Residential Development, 3133, 3141 & 3149 Willard Avenue, Rosemead, California, prepared by Albus-Keefe & Associates, Inc., May 14, 2019; and contained on Appendix H. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 54 Geotechnical Investigation also performed a liquefaction analyses based on the soil profile from onsite borings, which indicated that the site is not prone to liquefaction. As discussed above, Project construction must comply with the requirements of the approved geotechnical report and CBC. Compliance with these measures would reduce potential adverse impacts from potential liquefaction areas. Consequently, Project impacts related to seismic-related ground failure including liquefaction are less than significant. iv) Landslides? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed above, according to Figure 5-5 of the General Plan Public Safety Element, the majority of the City including the Project site is within areas susceptible to earthquake induced landslides. However, the Project site and surrounding areas are generally flat, and as noted above, groundwater levels are at least 51.5 feet below the existing ground surface. Project construction must comply with the requirements of the approved geotechnical report and CBC, and compliance with these measures would reduce potential adverse impacts from landslides. Consequently, Project impacts related to landslides are less than significant. b) Would the Project cause substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? No Impact. Topsoil is generally defined as the upper, outermost layer of soil, usually the top 5–10 inches with a high concentration of organic matter and microorganisms. The Project site is currently developed with two residential structures, and was previously an orchard. The Geotechnical Investigation found that soils on the site consists of artificial fill materials overlying alluvial deposits. No topsoil are onsite are identified. The Project would remove the two existing residential structures and grade to an expected depth of 6-8 feet, and cover the site with buildings, paving and landscaping. Consequently, the potential Project impacts relative to soil erosion or loss of topsoil would not be significant. c) Would the Project cause location on a geologic unit or a soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed above, although groundwater levels on the Project site are at least 51.5 feet below the existing ground surface. The Geotechnical Investigation performed a liquefaction analyses based on the soil profile from onsite borings, which indicated that the site is not prone to liquefaction. As discussed above, Project construction must comply with the requirements of the approved geotechnical report and CBC. Compliance with these measures would reduce potential adverse impacts from potential unstable soils or liquefaction areas. Consequently, Project impacts related to unstable soils, including liquefaction or collapse liquefaction are less than significant. d) Would the Project be located on expansive soil, creating substantial risks to life or property? Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 55 Less Than Significant Impact. Expansive soils are generally defined as soils that expand when water is added, and shrink when they dry out. This continuous change in soil volume can cause residential structures built on this soil to move unevenly and crack. The Geotechnical Investigation found that soils on the site consists of artificial fill materials overlying alluvial deposits, and possess a Very Low expansion potential. As part of subsequent geotechnical and soils studies required for Project development, additional testing for soil expansion will be conducted. These studies would ensure that any potential for expansive soils are identified and if required the project geotechnical report would recommend remediation. Consequently, Project impacts related to expansive soils are less than significant. e) Would the Project cause soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? No Impact. An existing City sanitary sewer line runs along Willard Avenue adjacent to the Project site. The Project proposes to connect to the existing sewer line. The Project would connect to the existing public sewer line and not use septic tanks or an alternative wastewater disposal system. f) Would the Project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? No Impact. The Project site is located within an urbanized area of Rosemead and the site and surrounding area have been previously graded and developed. Any near‐surface paleontological resources that may have existed at one time have likely been disturbed and/or destroyed by prior development activities. Development of the Project would require only surficial excavation to 6 to 8 feet as needed to lay out utility lines and flatten pads. The site is also flat with no identified unique geologic features. Consequently, the Project would not destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. 6.7.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The potential cumulative impacts related to geology and soils are site specific. Furthermore, the analysis presented above determined that the implementation of the Project would not result in impacts to geology or soils. Consequently, no significant cumulative impacts relative to geology or soils are expected to occur as a result of the Project. 6.7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The Project would not have significant impacts relative to geology and soils, and no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 56 6.8 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? X b) Conflict with any applicable plan, policy or regulation of an agency adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? X 6.8.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Greenhouse Gas Emissions section is based on the “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Air Quality & Greenhouse Impact Study, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc. (Air Quality Impact Study) and contained as Appendix C to this Initial Study. a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment. Less Than Significant Impact. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) comprise less than 0.1 percent of the total atmospheric composition, yet they play an essential role in influencing climate. Greenhouse gases include naturally occurring compounds such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), water vapor (H2O), and nitrous oxide (N2O), while others are synthetic. Man-made GHGs include the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs), as well as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Different GHGs have different effects on the Earth's warming. GHGs differ from each other in their ability to absorb energy (their "radiative efficiency") and how long they stay in the atmosphere, also known as the "lifetime". To provide guidance to local lead agencies on determining significance for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in their CEQA documents, the SCAQMD has convened a GHG CEQA Significance Threshold Working Group. The SCAQMD is in the process of establishing a threshold for GHG emissions to determine a project’s regional contribution toward global climate change impacts for California. On December 5, 2008, SCAQMD adopted a threshold of 3,000 metric tons (Mtons) of CO2e per year for residential and commercial projects for which it is the lead agency under CEQA. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 57 Construction: As presented in the Air Quality Impact Study, greenhouse gas emissions are estimated for on-site and off-site construction activity using the CalEEMod. Table 7 shows the construction greenhouse gas emissions, including equipment and worker vehicle emissions for all phases of construction. Because impacts from construction activities occur over a relatively short-term period of time, they contribute a relatively small portion of the overall lifetime project GHG emissions. By itself, the construction activities from this Project are less than significant when compared to the thresholds recommended by SCAQMD. However, SCAQMD recommends that construction emissions be amortized over a 30-year project lifetime and added to the overall project operational emissions. As demonstrated in the Table, total construction emissions would be 228.62 Mtons of CO2e or 7.62 Mtons averaged over 30 years. These estimated Project construction GHG emissions are well within the 3,000 Mtons threshold and therefore below a level of significance. Table 7: Construction-Related Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Mtons/year) Activity Emissions (MTons C02e)1 On-site Off- site Total Demolition 21.21 1.55 22.76 Site Preparation 1.52 0.08 1.60 Grading 2.50 4.93 7.43 Building Construction 182.36 29.18 211.54 Paving 5.93 0.64 6.57 Architectural Coating 1.28 0.20 1.48 Total 193.59 35.03 228.62 Averaged over 30 years2 6.45 1.17 7.62 Threshold 3,000 Total Notes: 1 MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents (includes carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and/or hydroflurocarbons). 2 The emissions are averaged over 30 years and added to the operational emissions, pursuant to SCAQMD recommendations. Site Operations: SCAQMD describes a five-tiered approach for determining GHG operational significance thresholds: Tier 1 - If a project is exempt from CEQA, project-level and cumulative GHG emissions are less than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 58 Tier 2 - If the project complies with a GHG emissions reduction plan or mitigation program that avoids or substantially reduces GHG emissions in the project’s geographic area (i.e., city or county), project-level and cumulative GHG emissions are less than significant. For projects that are not exempt or where no qualifying GHG reduction plans are directly applicable, SCAQMD requires an assessment based on the following tiers. Tier 3 - Consists of screening values that are intended to capture 90 percent of the GHG emissions from projects. If a project’s emissions are under the screening thresholds, then the project is less than significant. For residential projects, SCAQMD sets a screening value threshold of 3,000 MTCO2e/year. Tier 4 - Includes three performance standard compliance options to demonstrate that a project is not significant for GHG emissions. As presented in the Air Quality Impact Study, the Tier 3 threshold is applied for this Project. To calculate greenhouse gas emissions for on-site and off-site operational activity, the Air Quality Impact Study used the CalEEMod. During Project operation, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions, and specifically CO2, is due to vehicle travel and energy consumption. As shown in Table 8, total operational emissions would be 220.55 Mtons of CO2e, below the 3,000 Mtons threshold and therefore below a level of significance. Table 8: Operational Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Mtons/year) Emission Source Unmitigated GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)1 Mobile Source 232.62 Energy Source 62.42 Area Source 6.90 Water 15.68 Waste 7.17 Construction (30 year average) 7.62 Total Annual Emissions 220.55 SCAQMD Tier 3 Screening Threshold2 3,000 Exceed Tier 3 Threshold? No Notes: 1 MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents 2 Per South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Draft Guidance Document - Interim CEQA Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Significance Threshold, October 2008 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 59 b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. Less Than Significant Impact. In 2006, California passed the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (Assembly Bill (AB) 32; California Health and Safety Code Division 25.5, Sections 38500, et seq.), which requires the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to design and implement emission limits, regulations, and other measures, such that feasible and cost-effective statewide greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to 1990 levels by 2020 (representing an approximate 25 percent reduction in emissions). Statewide strategies to reduce GHG emissions include reduced building emission requirements specified in the 2013 Building and Energy Efficiency Standards and California Green Building Standards Code. Additionally, the California legislature passed Senate Bill (SB) 375 to connect regional transportation planning to land use decisions made at a local level. SB 375 requires the metropolitan planning organizations to prepare a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) in their regional transportation plans to achieve the per capita GHG reduction targets. For the SCAG region, the 2016 Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy (RTP/SCS) was adopted as a long-range visioning plan that balances future mobility and housing needs with economic, environmental and public health goals. Infill development is included as a strategy for achieving SB375 compliance. An update to the RTP/SCS, currently proposed by SCAG through the Draft Connect SoCal Plan, continues to include infill development as a strategy. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with policies or regulations aimed at reducing greenhouse gas. 6.8.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts relative to greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, no significant cumulative impacts relative to no greenhouse gas mitigation is expected to occur as a result of the Project. 6.8.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The Project would not have significant impacts relative to greenhouse gas emissions, and no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 60 6.9 HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? X b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? X c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? X d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? X e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the Project area? X f) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? X g) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? X Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 61 Data presented in this Hazards and Hazardous Materials section references information contained in the “Phase I Environmental Site Assessment and Shallow Soil Sampling, Rosemead (Willard & Garvey)”, prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc.”, (Phase I Assessment) prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc.; and contained in Appendix E of this Initial Study. a) Would the Project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The Project is a proposed residential use and would not create a significant hazard to public health. However, existing and past uses on the Project site and adjacent uses may create hazards. To assess these potential hazards, a Phase I Assessment was prepared for the Project site.10 It identified historical uses of the Project site, which was residential and walnut orchard starting from 1928, with the orchard cleared by 1938. Historic agricultural use can be a potential concern due to the possible use of pesticides and herbicides containing heavy metals. Accordingly, the Phase I Assessment included collection of soil samples for chemical analysis to determine if pesticides or heavy metals associated with herbicides were present at levels that represent a Recognized Environmental Condition (REC) or that are of concern to residential development. The results of the analysis of the soil samples reported minor detections of the following organochlorine pesticides at concentrations below their corresponding United States Regional Screening Levels (US EPA RSLs) for residential sites: Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (4,4’-DDD), Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (4,4'-DDE), Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (4,4’-DDT), alpha-Chlordane, Chlordane, and gamma-Chlordane. Additionally, the cumulative total concentration for each soil sample location is below the California Hazardous Waste Level. Therefore, the residual organochlorine pesticide concentrations are not considered an environmental concern to the Property. No other REC’s were identified on the Project site. However, given the age of the two existing residential structures on the site, the Phase I Assessment finds there is a potential for the structures to contain lead-based paint (LBP) and asbestos containing materials (ACMs). The greatest ACMs related human health risks are associated with friable asbestos which can become airborne and inhaled, and has been associated with specific types of respiratory disease. Health issues associated with LBP include health effects such as learning disabilities and behavioral problems in children caused by low levels of exposure to the lead in ** 10 Phase I Environmental Site Assessment and Shallow Soil Sampling, Rosemead (Willard & Garvey), prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc.”, (Phase I Assessment) prepared by Stantec Consulting Services Inc.; and contained in Appendix E of this Initial Study. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 62 the paint. The manufacturing and use of both ACMs and LBP in most building products was curtailed during the late 1970s. To ensure any ACMs or LBP on the two existing residential structures are identified, and if present removed, the Phase I Assessment recommends surveys prior to demolition. This recommendation is added to the Project as Mitigation Measures HAZ-1 and HAZ-2, below. With incorporation of HAZ-1 and HAZ-2, potential Project impacts regarding on-site hazardous materials would be reduced to less than significant levels. b) Would the Project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. As a residential development, the Project is not associated with the transport or use of hazardous materials. However, the two existing residential structures on the site may contain ACMs or LBP. As discussed in Section 6.9.a, above, this potential hazard would be mitigated through Mitigation Measures HAZ-1 and HAZ-2. With inclusion of these measures, potential Project impacts regarding significant hazards from the release of hazardous materials would be reduced to less than significant levels. c) Would the Project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The closest school to the Project site is the Willard Elementary School located immediately across Willard Avenue, west of the site. As discussed above, the proposed residential Project is not associated with the transport or use of hazardous materials. No REC’s are identified from past uses on the site. Potential health hazards associated with ACMs and LBP are site specific and require continued exposure, making risks to the nearby school unlikely. However, Mitigation Measures HAZ-1 and HAZ-2 would ensure any ACMs and LBP are identified and if found, removed. With inclusion of these measures, Project impacts regarding emitting hazardous emissions, materials, substances or waste within one-quarter mile of a school would be reduced to less than significant levels. d) Would the Project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? No Impact. The Phase I Assessment conducted for the Project site did not identify the Project site as being listed as a hazardous materials site pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. This finding is supported by the state of Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 63 California Department of Toxic Substances Envirostar website.11 Consequently, the Project would not create a significant hazard to the public or the environment pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5. e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the Project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the Project area? No Impact. The closest airport to the Project site is El Monte Airport, which is approximately 4 miles northeast. The Project would not impact airport operations at El Monte Airport or result in any safety hazards for project residents and employees. f) Would the Project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Primary entry to the Project site would be from Willard via a 26-foot private drive aisle that would connect at a T-juncture to 26-foot fire lane and hammer head, and then a 20 and 24-foot drive aisle. All of the Project’s 8 buildings would take vehicular access from the drive aisles. The fire lane and hammer head are built to Fire Code standards and would supply adequate emergency access for the Project. However Project construction activities could temporarily impact street traffic adjacent to the site due to roadway improvements and potential extension of construction activities into the right-of-way. This could reduce the number of lanes or temporarily close certain street segments. Any such impacts would be limited to the construction period and would affect only adjacent streets or intersections. With implementation of construction traffic plan, temporary street closures would not affect emergency access in the vicinity of future developments, and potential impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measure HAZ-3 is added to require a construction traffic plan. Consequently, with implementation of Mitigation Measure HAZ-3, the Project would not impair implementation or interfere with the City’s emergency response or evacuation plans. g) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? No Impact. The Project site is neither within nor adjacent to a designated wildland area and would not, therefore, be exposed to the potential for wildland fire. The County of Los Angeles Fire Department provides fire protection to the ** 11http://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/mapfull.asp?global; accessed February 29, 2019. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 64 City and would respond to fire and/or emergency situations occurring in the project area, including the subject site. Consequently, the Project would not expose people or structure to a significant risk from wildland fires. 6.9.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The Project could disturb hazardous materials that were used in the construction of the two existing residential structures onsite. Mitigation Measures HAZ-1 and HAZ-2 are added to the Project to reduce potential impacts related to hazardous materials to less than significant levels. In addition, Mitigation Measure HAZ-3 is added to require a construction traffic control plan to ensure emergency access routes are not obstructed. As a result, no significant cumulative impacts relative to hazards or hazardous materials will be associated with the proposed Project implementation. 6.9.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following measures will be required to mitigate potential Project impacts related to hazards or hazardous materials to less than significant levels: Mitigation Measure HAZ-1: Lead-Based Paint (LBP). Timing: Prior to Issuance of Demolition Permits. Department Responsible: Planning & Economic. Prior to issuance of any demolition permit for the Project, the Applicant shall demonstrate that the two existing residential structures onsite have been surveyed for LBP, and that any identified LBP have been prior to activities with the potential to disturb painted surfaces, in accordance with all applicable laws. Mitigation Measure HAZ-2: Asbestos Containing Materials (ACM). Timing: Prior to Issuance of Demolition Permits. Department Responsible: Planning & Economic. Prior to issuance of any demolition permit for the Project, the Applicant shall demonstrate that the two existing residential structures onsite have been surveyed for ACM. The survey shall include sampling of suspect ACM which shall be collected for laboratory analysis of asbestos in order to determine the need for compliance with EPA National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants regulations. All ACM shall be removed from the site prior to activities with the potential to disturb affected surfaces, in accordance with all applicable laws. Mitigation Measure HAZ-3: Traffic Control Plan. Timing: Prior to Issuance of Grading Permits. Department Responsible: Public Works. Prior to any grading or construction activities, the Applicant shall be provide for review and approval of the City Engineer a construction traffic control plan to ensure emergency access routes are not obstructed. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 65 6.10 HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or groundwater quality? X b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? X c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: i) Result in a substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site; X ii) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite; X iii) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or X iv) Impede or redirect flood flows? X d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? X e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? X Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 66 6.10.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Hydrology and Water Quality section references information contained in the “Preliminary Low Impact Development (LID) Report, Tentative Tract No. 82875, 3133-3141 Willard, Rosemead, CA 91770”, prepared by Alan Short P.E., and contained in Appendix I of this Initial Study; and “Preliminary Hydrology Study for Rosemead, Tentative Tract No. 82875, 3133-3141 Willard Avenue”, (Preliminary Hydrology Study) prepared by Alan Short P.E., and contained in Appendix J of this Initial Study. a) Would the Project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? Less Than Significant Impact. In its current condition, the Project site is approximately 9.2% impervious. Topography varies with elevations of approximately 263 to 266 feet above mean sea level (MSL). Site drainage is via sheet flow directed easterly toward Willard Avenue. In this existing condition, there are no water quality measures to provide treatment for the storm water runoff generated by this site. During Project construction, silt and other debris could be generated that could mix with surface water runoff transmitting pollutants into local storm drains, especially when rainfall occurs. During Project operation, water runoff from impervious surfaces (buildings and paving) could similarly send pollutants into local storm drains. Storm water discharge from development projects is regulated by the federal Water Pollution Control Act (also known as the Clean Water Act) and the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). As required by NPDES, new developments are required to include the development and implementation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for the construction phase of a project, and a Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for the operation phase of a project. In the City of Rosemead, SWPPPs and WQMPs are under the jurisdiction of the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board and new developments must comply with the County of Los Angeles National Pollution Discharge Elimination Permit (Order No. R4-2012-0175-A01). In compliance with the City NPDES requirements, the Project Applicant has submitted the LID report which presents a plan to control storm water runoff from Project post-construction operations. Post construction, the approximately 74.7% of site would be impervious. The LID report proposes to collect Project runoff via a private drainage system consisting of PVC pipes and area drain inlets, and then conveyed into an existing Los Angeles County storm drainpipe within Willard Avenue. Before conveying the runoff into the County storm drain, the water would be collected in onsite catch basins and treated by biofiltration, with a Modular Wetlands System. The treated runoff would ultimately drain to the Rio Hondo Channel at Whittier Narrows Dam and ultimately to the Los Angeles River. All downstream channels are considered engineered channels with concrete side slopes. With implementation of this collection and treatment system, the LID report which serves as the Project preliminary WQMP, finds that there would be no hydrologic conditions of concern from the site. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 67 The Project would also be required to submit a SWPPP for City Engineer review and approval prior to construction. The required preparation and implementation of the SWPPP and WQMP would reduce potential Project violations of water quality standards and waste discharge requirements to less than significant levels. b) Would the Project substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned used for which permits have been granted)? No Impact. The LID report identifies groundwater depth at the Project site below a depth of 51.5' below the existing ground surface. As discussed above, the LID report finds that the Project proposed stormwater collection and treatment system would adequately control the flow and quality of runoff, and would not interfere with groundwater recharge. The Project would not directly use and would not deplete groundwater supplies. Consequently, the Project would not substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere with groundwater recharge. c) Would the Project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would: i) Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? No Impact. The Project site resides within the Los Angeles River Watershed, which covers an area of approximately 834 square miles. The watershed encompasses and is shaped by the path of the Los Angeles River, which flows from its headwaters in the mountains eastward to the northern corner of Griffith Park. Here the channel turns southward through the Glendale Narrows before it flows across the coastal plain and into San Pedro Bay near Long Beach. The Los Angeles River has evolved from an uncontrolled, meandering river providing a valuable source of water for early inhabitants to a major flood protection waterway. The existing site condition drains easterly toward a public storm drain along Willard Avenue. The storm drain then ties into the line at Garvey Avenue flowing east. This line then discharges into the Rio Hondo Channel approximately 1.3 miles from the project site. The Rio Hondo Channel then flows southwest until it reaches the Los Angeles River approximately 15 miles downstream. As discussed above, the Project proposed stormwater collection and treatment system would adequately control the flow and quality of runoff. Consequently, no Project impacts would occur relative to substantial alteration of the existing drainage pattern of the site or area or substantial erosion. ii) Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite? Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 68 No Impact. As discussed above, the Project proposed stormwater collection and treatment system would adequately control the flow and quality of runoff. Consequently, the Project would not increase the rate of surface runoff in a manner that would result in any flooding. iii) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? No Impact. As discussed above, the Project would retain the site flow and filter the runoff water in compliance with the Project WQMP. Consequently, the Project would not exceed capacity of existing stormwater drainage systems or add polluted runoff. iv) Impede or redirect flood flows? No Impact. The Project would retain the existing easterly drainage flow of the site. Post development, as discussed above, the Project would retain and filter the drainage flow and then convey primary overflow to the existing County storm drain. Consequently, the Project would not impede or redirect flood flows or exceed capacity of existing stormwater drainage systems or add polluted runoff. d) Would the Project in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? No Impact. According to the Preliminary Hydrology Study, the Project site is within Flood Zone “X” which indicates an area of minimum flood hazard per the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Map. The General Plan Public Safety Element further notes that the City as a whole is in areas of minimal flood risk. A tsunami is a tidal wave or sea wave caused by seismic activity. Rosemead is located inland approximately 20 miles from the Pacific Ocean and is not subject to tsunamis. A seiche involves the oscillation of a body of water in an enclosed basin, such as a reservoir, storage tank, or lake. According to the General Plan Public Safety Element, the City is bordered by Rio Hondo Dam on its eastern and southeastern borders and portions of Rosemead are within inundation areas for Whittier Narrows Dam, Santa Fe Dam/Reservoir and Garvey Dam/Reservoir. As discussed above, the Project proposed stormwater collection and treatment system would adequately control the flow and quality of runoff. Consequently, the Project would not result in risk of pollutant release during flood hazard, tsunami or seiche. e) Would the Project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? No Impact. The LID report identifies groundwater depth at the Project site below a depth of 51.5' below the existing ground surface. As discussed above, the LID report finds that the Project proposed stormwater collection and treatment Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 69 system would adequately control the flow and quality of runoff, and would not interfere with groundwater recharge. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control or groundwater management plan. 6.10.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The required preparation and implementation of the SWPPP and WQMP would reduce potential Project impacts to stormwater runoff and water quality. As a result, no significant cumulative impacts relative to hydrology and water quality will be associated with the proposed project’s implementation. 6.10.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on hydrology or water quality. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 70 6.11 LAND USE AND PLANNING LAND USE AND PLANNING. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Physically divide an established community? X b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? X 6.11.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project physically divide an established community? No Impact. The Project site is currently developed with two existing residential structures, one is boarded up and the other is unoccupied. The two existing residential structures are located along the eastern portion of the site facing Willard Avenue, and addressed as 3133 and 3141 Willard Avenue. The western portion of the site contains no structures and is covered with weeds and scattered vegetation. As shown in Figure 8 in Section 2.92 of this Initial Study, the Project site is located immediately east of a Southern California Edison (SCE) easement which contains transmission towers. Portions of the easement adjacent to the site are developed with a wholesale nursery and Zapopan Park. Willard Elementary School is located immediately east of the site across Willard Avenue. Single family residential is located immediately north and south of the site. Townhome residential developments are located about 200 feet south of the site on both the west and east sides of Willard Avenue. The Project would replace the two existing residential structures with 31 residential townhome units within an architecturally cohesive development, including landscaping and amenities. This transition requires a change to the General Plan Land Use Map designation of the property from Medium Density Residential, which allows for a density of 0-12 dwelling units per acre, to High Density Residential, which allows for a density of 0-30 dwelling units per acre. The Applicant is also requesting a change to the Zoning Map from R-2 Light Multiple Residential to PD Planned Development. Project density would be 25.8 dwelling units per acre. As shown Figure 13, below, existing General Plan land use designations surrounding the site are a mix of low density residential, medium density residential, high density residential, mixed use, commercial and public facility. Changing the land use Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 71 designation of the Project site is consistent with the mixed residential densities of the area. Consequently, the Project would not physically divide an established community. Figure 13. General Plan Land Use Map Existing Designations of Project Site and Surrounding Areas b) Would the Project cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? Less Than Significant Impact. The Project requires the following entitlements: • General Plan Amendment 19-01 • Zone Change 19-01 • Planned Development Review 19-01 • Vesting Tentative Tract Map 82875. General Plan Amendment / Zone Change. As discussed above, the Project would replace the two existing residential structures with 31 residential townhome units within an architecturally cohesive development, including landscaping and amenities. This transition requires a change to the General Plan Land Use Map designation of the property from Medium Density Residential, which allows for a Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 72 density of 0-12 dwelling units per acre, to High Density Residential, which allows for a density of 0-30 dwelling units per acre. The Applicant is also requesting a change to the Zoning Map from R-2 Light Multiple Residential to PD Planned Development. Project density would be 25.8 dwelling units per acre. Pursuant to Chapter 17.152.020 of the Zoning Code, an amendment to the General Plan Land Use Map, Zoning Code and Zoning Map may be initiated by the Planning Commission, City Council or by the property owner. To facilitate development of the Project, the Applicant has submitted application to the City for the required General Plan and Zoning map amendments. Approval of these amendments will require the Planning Commission to recommend and the City Council to make the following findings: (1) The amendment is internally consistent with all other provisions of the General Plan. (2) The proposed amendment will not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience or welfare of the City. (3) The affected site is physically suitable in terms of design, location, operating characteristics, shape, size, topography, and the provision of public and emergency vehicle access, and public services and utilities and is served by highways and streets adequate in width and improvement to carry the kind and quantity of traffic the proposed use would likely generate, to ensure that the proposed use(s) and/or development will not endanger, jeopardize, or otherwise constitute a hazard to the property or improvements in the vicinity in which the property is located. The General Plan Land Use Element contains a number of goals and policies that address the conversion of properties to multifamily. These goals and policies and a brief analysis of the Project’s compliance are presented below: Goal 1: Maintain stable and attractive single-family residential neighborhoods. • The Project would replace two existing residential structures which are in a deteriorating state with 31 residential townhome units within an architecturally cohesive development. As discussed in Section 6.11.a of this Initial Study, existing General Plan land use designations surrounding the site are a mix of low density residential, medium density residential, high density residential, mixed use, commercial and public facility. Changing the land use designation of the Project site is consistent with the mixed residential densities of the area. Policy 1.1: Discourage the entitlement and construction of multiple-family units in neighborhoods that are predominately single-family. • The Project would increase the density of the site but would provide single- family attached residential units consistent with the mixed residential character of the area. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 73 Policy 1.2: Provide guidelines and standards to ensure adequate buffering and screening between lower density residential uses and adjacent higher density residential or non-residential uses to mitigate potential land use conflicts. • As shown in Figure 3 in Section 2.8 of this Initial Study, the Project site is 8 sided. On its western side where it abuts Zapopan Park, Project buildings would be setback 10 feet. On its northern sides, Project buildings would be setback 8 feet from the existing single family properties. On its eastern sides, Project buildings would be setback 12’5” where it is adjacent to an existing single family property, and 20 feet at its front setback that is adjacent to Willard Avenue. On its south side, Project buildings are setback 8 feet from existing single family properties; and on its southwest side, which is the rear setback, Project buildings are setback a minimum of 20 feet from existing single family properties. The Project would provide landscaping consisting of trees and shrubs at the periphery and within the site, and decorative paving would be provided at the open space areas and Project entry. Walls within the Project development would be constructed to 6-feet high along each of the site’s boundaries, except along Willard Avenue where the walls would not exceed 4-feet in height. The landscape and walls would provide screening from adjacent properties. Policy 5.1: Encourage revitalization of Garvey Avenue east of the SCE easement by promoting mixed-use development that integrates commercial uses with higher-density multiple-family residential uses. • The Project site is located about 600 feet north of Garvey and is directly east of the SCE easement, which is in the general area discussed in the above policy. The Project would replace two existing residential structures existing which are in a deteriorating condition with 31 residential townhome units within an architecturally cohesive development and would be consistent with the mixed character of the area that includes low density residential, medium density residential, high density residential, mixed use, commercial and public facility. For Zoning Code changes and Zoning Map amendments, Chapter 17.152.060 of the Code requires the Planning Commission to recommend and the City Council to make the following findings: (1) The proposed amendment is consistent with the General Plan and any applicable specific plan; and (2) The proposed amendment will not be detrimental to the public interest, health, safety, convenience, or welfare of the City. (3) Additional finding for Zoning Code Amendments. The proposed amendment is internally consistent with other applicable provisions of this Zoning Code. (4) The affected site is physically suitable in terms of design, location, operating characteristics, shape, size, topography, and the provision of Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 74 public and emergency vehicle access, and public services and utilities and is served by highways and streets adequate in width and improvement to carry the kind and quantity of traffic the proposed use would likely generate, to ensure that the proposed use(s) and/or development will not endanger, jeopardize, or otherwise constitute a hazard to the property or improvements in the vicinity in which the property is located. Information provided in this Initial Study supports the Project’s consistency with the above findings, including: • As discussed previously, the Project complies with applicable goals and policies of the General Plan Land Use Element. • This Initial Study evaluates whether the Project would be detrimental to the public interest, health and safety, and finds that subject to the mitigation measures recommended in this document, the Project would have a less than significant impact on the surrounding environment. • The Applicant is also requesting a change to the Zoning Map from R-2 Light Multiple Residential to PD Planned Development. Standards for the PD would be set by the Project precise development plan, and these standards would function as the zoning for the site. Information presented in this Initial Study supports that the Project would be consistent with provisions of the Zoning Code. • This Initial Study evaluates whether the Project would be endanger, jeopardize, or otherwise constitute a hazard to the property or improvements in the vicinity in which the property is located; and finds that subject to the mitigation measures recommended in this document, the Project would have a less than significant impact on the surrounding environment. Planned Development (PD). Pursuant to Chapter 17.24 of the City Zoning Code, the P-D district is intended to provide for residential, commercial, industrial, or institutional developments that are characterized by innovative use and design concepts. This zone provides for a new development to offer amenities, quality, design excellence and other similar benefits to the community and not be inhibited by strict numerical development standards. Chapter 17.24.040 of the Code outlines the requirements for approval of a PD. These requirements, which require the Planning Commission to recommend and the City Council to approve, are presented below: (1) Location of each existing and location and dimensions of each proposed structure in the site, the use or uses to be contained therein, the number of stories, gross building and floor area, location of entrances and loading points thereof. (2) Location of proposed parks, playgrounds, school sites, public buildings and other such uses within the zone. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 75 (3) All streets, points of access, curb cuts, garage door locations, driving lanes, parking areas, and in commercial developments, the ratio of off- street parking to building floor area, loading area, public transportation points, and illumination facilities for same. (4) All pedestrian walks, malls and open areas for the use of occupants and members of the public. (5) Location, height and material of all walls and fences. Location and height of all screen planting in front, side and rear yards. (6) Types of surfacing, such as paving, turf or gravel, to be used at the various locations. (7) Landscaping and tree planting plan including type and location of plant materials to be used and an irrigation plan, in accordance with the City's Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance. (8) Plans and elevations of structures indicating architectural, building materials and construction standards. (9) The gross land area of the site and of the footprints of the structures, and land use of the area within three hundred (300) feet of the perimeter of the site, including the location of structures and other improvements. (10) Such other information as may be required by the Planning & Economic Department to assist in the consideration of the development plan. (11) A map or grading plan showing the proposed grading and topography of the site. (12) Such application shall be processed and heard in accordance with the provisions of Article 5, Chapter 17.120 (Applications and Processing). The Planning Commission and City Council may impose reasonable conditions to the approval of the development plan. Through the entitlement process, City Planning staff have reviewed the proposed PD, recommended conditions of approval and found it in general compliance with each of the above requirements. Tentative Tract Map. Pursuant to Chapter 16.04 of the Municipal Code, a Tentative Tract Map (TTM) is required to subdivide a property into 5 or more legal parcels or condominium ownerships. Vesting TTM 82875 has been initiated by the Project Applicant as required by the Municipal Code, which also outlines requirements for TTMs which are subject to review and approval by the Planning Commission. These requirements are presented below: (1) The size, area, dimensions and record boundaries of the property to be divided, including all contiguous property under one ownership, together Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 76 with a legal description of such total ownership as shown on the latest equalized county assessment roll; (2) Sufficient elevations and contours to determine the general slope of the land and the high and low points thereof; (3) The north point, scale and date of the map; (4) The location and width of abutting streets and alleys, any easements on or adjoining the property, and the purpose of such easements; (5) The location of existing sewers, water, gas electric and telephone lines on or adjoining the property; (6) The existing use or uses of the property; (7) The size, dimensions and construction, and relative location of existing improvements thereon, (including without limitation, buildings, structures, driveways, parking areas and trees. Buildings or other improvements on adjacent property shall also be shown if such building or improvements affect the division of the property. Each building shown shall be identified by house number or other identifying feature, including a notation of each building or improvement to be retained or completely removed; (8) The size, area, dimensions and boundaries of each proposed parcel; (9) The proposed use or uses of each proposed parcel; (10) Proposed dedications, easements and improvements, (including, without limitation, buildings, structures, utilities, drainage facilities, driveways and parking areas), showing the size, dimensions, construction and location on each parcel; (11) The names, addresses and telephone numbers of the property owners, the person filing the map, and the registered civil engineer or licensed surveyor who prepared the map; (12) Such other information as may be determined by the Planning Commission to be necessary to properly consider the proposed division. Through the entitlement process, City Engineering and Planning staff have reviewed the proposed Vesting Tentative Tract Map, recommended conditions of approval and found it in general compliance with each of the above. As presented in this Initial Study, the Project is consistent with the General Plan, and in compliance with the findings required for a General Plan and Zoning map amendment. The Project is in general compliance with requirements for the PD and Vesting Tentative Map. Upon approval of the proposed Project entitlements, Project conflicts with an applicable land use plan, policy or regulation would be less than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 77 6.11.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The Project would change the General Plan Land Use and zoning designations of the site from medium to a high density. This change would facilitate the transition of an underutilized and blighted site to a 31 residential unit townhome community. Other nearby properties could initiate a similar change. However, each proposed General Plan Land Use Map and Zoning Map amendment would be subject to its own review including review under CEQA. Consequently, cumulative impacts relative to land use and planning would be less than significant. 6.11.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse impacts regarding land use and planning. Consequently, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 78 6.12 MINERAL RESOURCES MINERAL RESOURCES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? X b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? X 6.12.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the State? No Impact. The State Mining and Geology Board classify land in California on the availability of mineral resources. There are four Mineral Resources Zone (MRZ) designations for the classification of sand, gravel, and crushed rock resources. According to Figure 4-2 of the General Plan Resource Management Element, the Project site is within the MRZ-3. The MRZ-3 classification states the significance of mineral deposits cannot be determined from the available data. As Rosemead is completely urbanized and the State has not identified any significant recoverable mineral resources, no mineral extraction activities are permitted within the City limits. There are no mining activities on the site or the properties surrounding and adjacent to the site. Consequently, Project impacts relative to mineral resources will not be significant. b) Would the Project result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, proposed project, or other land use plan? No Impact. As discussed above, there are no mineral resources, including locally important mineral resources, in Rosemead. Consequently, the Project would not result in the loss of a locally important mineral resource recovery site. 6.12.3 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse impacts to mineral resources. Consequently, no significant adverse cumulative impacts to mineral resources would occur as a result of the project. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 79 6.12.4 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on mineral resources. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 80 6.13 NOISE NOISE. Would the project result in: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? X b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? X c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? X 6.13.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Noise section is based on the “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Noise Impact Study, City of Rosemead”, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc. (Noise Impact Study), and contained as Appendix G of this Initial Study. a) Would the Project generate a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Noise Measurements: Since the human ear is not equally sensitive to all sound frequencies within the entire auditory spectrum, human response is factored into sound descriptions by weighting sounds within the range of maximum human sensitivity more heavily in a process called “A-weighting,” written as dB(A). Any further reference in this discussion to decibels written as "dB" should be understood to be A-weighted. Time variations in noise exposure are typically expressed in terms of a steady- state energy level equal to the energy content of the time varying period (called Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 81 LEQ), or alternately, as a statistical description of the sound pressure level that is exceeded over some fraction of a given observation period. Typical human hearing can detect changes in sound levels of approximately 3 dBA under normal conditions. Changes of 1 to 3 dBA are detectable under quiet, controlled conditions, and changes of less than 1 dBA are usually indiscernible. A change of 5 dBA is discernable to most people in an exterior environment while a change of 10 dBA is perceived as a doubling of the noise. Because people are generally more sensitive to unwanted noise intrusion during the evening and at night, state law requires that, for planning purposes, an artificial dB increment be added to quiet time noise levels in a 24-hour noise descriptor called the Ldn (day-night) or the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL). The CNEL metric has gradually replaced the Ldn factor, but the two descriptors are essentially identical. Noise Standards: A noise level of 65 dB is the level at which ambient noise begins to interfere with one's ability to carry on a normal conversation at reasonable separation without raising one's voice. A noise exposure of 65 dB CNEL is typically recommended as the exterior noise land use compatibility guideline for new residential dwellings in California. CNEL-based standards generally apply to usable outdoor recreational space at backyards, patios or balconies. Interior exposures of noise-sensitive uses are controlled through adequate structural attenuation. An interior CNEL of 45 dB is mandated by the State of California Noise Insulation Standards (CCR, Title 24, Part 6, Section T25-28) for multiple family dwellings and hotel and motel rooms. In 1988, the State Building Standards Commission expanded that standard to include all habitable rooms in any residential use, included single-family dwelling units. Since normal noise attenuation within residential structures with closed windows is 25-30 dB, an exterior noise exposure of 70-75 dB CNEL allows the interior standard to be met without any specialized structural attenuation (dual paned windows, etc.), but with closed windows and fresh air supply systems or air conditioning in order to maintain a comfortable living environment. Local Noise Standards: The City of Rosemead outlines their noise regulations and standards within the Chapter 6 Noise of the General Plan and Chapter 8.36 Noise Control of the Municipal Code. Relevant goals and policies of the General Plan Noise Element include: GOAL 1: Effective incorporation of noise considerations into land use planning decisions. • Policy 1.1: Ensure compliance with standards for interior and exterior noise established within the Noise Element and Zoning Code. • Policy 1.2: Require new multiple-family residential development to comply with State regulations if they are to be located in areas where ambient noise levels exceed 60 dB. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 82 • Policy 1.3: Periodically review and update the Existing Noise Contours Map to ensure that any future noise increases not considered in the Noise Element will be identified. • Policy 1.4: Encourage acoustical design in new construction. • Policy 1.5: Require sound walls to be constructed in designated mixed- use districts where noise-sensitive land uses are located on adjacent properties. GOAL 3: Effective implementation of measures to control non-transportation noise impacts. • Policy 3.1: Enforce provisions of the Community Noise Ordinance to mitigate noise conflicts. • Policy 3.2: Require that potential sources of noise be considered when approving new development to reduce the possibility of adverse effects. • Policy 3.3: Evaluate noise generated by construction activities to ensure compliance with the Community Noise Ordinance. • Policy 3.4: Establish and maintain coordination among the City departments involved in noise abatement. The General Plan Noise Element also contains noise compatibility guidelines that indicate the acceptability of noise exposure levels for different land uses. The Noise Element indicates that projects should incorporate noise mitigation measures if they will exceed normally acceptable levels as defined by the guidelines. Local noise standards are set by Chapter 8.36.060 of the Municipal Code, and are shown in Table 9 for residential districts. Applicable noise standards must be met at the nearest residential property line. As shown in Table 9, the residential exterior noise standard is 60 dBA daytime and 45 dBA nighttime, and the interior residential noise standard is 45 dBA anytime. Table 9: City of Rosemead Residential Noise Standards Time Period Noise Standard1 Exterior Daytime (7am - 10pm) 60 dBA Nighttime (10pm – 7am) 45 dBA Interior Anytime 45 dBA In accordance with Section 8.36.030 of the Municipal Code, noise associated with construction related activities is restricted between the hours of 8:00 p.m. and 7:00 a.m. on weekdays, including Saturday, or at any time on Sunday or a federal holiday. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 83 Baseline Noise: Major noise sources in the Project area are from vehicle traffic. To determine existing noise levels in the Project area, the Noise Impact Study conducted baseline noise 24-hour measurements on March 4 and 5, 2020 from two meters at the locations shown in Figure 14. Meter 1 was located on the northeastern area of the site adjacent to one of the two existing residential structures and Willard Avenue. Meter 2 was located and the southcentral portion of the site adjacent to existing residential properties. As shown in Table 10, below, the measurements obtained from the two meters show a 24 hour CNEL of 55.1 dBA and 58.2 dBA, respectively. Figure 14. Noise Monitoring Locations Table 10: Noise Level Measurements Time Interval Leq (dBA) Meter 1 Leq (dBA) Meter 2 12:00 AM 45.6 49.6 1:00 AM 38.1 44.4 2:00 AM 45.0 50.4 3:00 AM 51.5 55.1 4:00 AM 50.8 55.0 5:00 AM 49.4 54.2 6:00 AM 50.4 52.6 7:00 AM 52.2 51.4 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 84 Table 10: Noise Level Measurements Time Interval Leq (dBA) Meter 1 Leq (dBA) Meter 2 8:00 AM 51.9 51.0 9:00 AM 51.2 47.3 10:00 AM 52.1 52.0 11:00 AM 48.7 48.2 12:00 PM 49.6 45.0 1:00 PM 47.6 45.5 2:00 PM 50.3 50.4 3:00 PM 50.7 50.5 4:00 PM 51.7 50.1 5:00 PM 49.3 46.3 6:00 PM 47.9 49.8 7:00 PM 47.3 49.4 8:00 PM 45.5 44.6 9:00 PM 47.4 48.0 10:00 PM 45.7 46.8 11:00 PM 44.7 46.7 24-Hour CNEL 55.1 58.2 1 The Leq represents the equivalent sound level and is the numeric value of a constant level that over the given period of time transmits the same amount of acoustic energy as the actual time-varying sound level. On-Site Impacts – Construction Noise: Temporary construction noise impacts vary because the noise strength of construction equipment ranges widely as a function of the equipment used and its activity level. Short-term construction noise impacts tend to occur in discrete phases dominated by large, earth-moving equipment sources for demolition and grading. During construction and paving, equipment is generally less noisy. The closest existing sensitive uses to the Project site are the single family residences immediately north and south of the site. In compliance with the City’s Municipal Code, it is assumed construction would not occur during the noise-sensitive nighttime hours. However, because the Project construction would be directly adjacent to existing residential uses, the Noise Impact Study recommends a series of measures including: • All construction equipment shall be equipped with mufflers and other suitable noise attenuation devices (e.g., engine shields). • Grading and construction contractors shall use quieter equipment as opposed to noisier equipment (such as rubber-tired equipment rather than track equipment), to the maximum extent feasible. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 85 • If feasible, electric hook-ups shall be provided to avoid the use of generators. If electric service is determined to be infeasible for the site, only whisper-quiet generators shall be used (i.e., inverter generators capable of providing variable load. • Use electric air compressors and similar power tools rather than diesel equipment, where feasible. • Locate staging area, generators and stationary construction equipment as far from the adjacent residential structures as feasible. • Construction-related equipment, including heavy-duty equipment, motor vehicles, and portable equipment, shall be turned off when not in use for more than 5 minutes. • Post a sign in a readily visible location at the project site that indicates the dates and duration of construction activities, as well as provide a telephone number where residents can enquire about the construction process and register complaints to an assigned construction noise disturbance coordinator. These measures are incorporated into Mitigation Measures NOI-1, below. With inclusion of these measures, construction noise impacts from the Project would be reduced to less than significant levels. On-Site Impacts – Operational Noise: Major noise sources from the Project will be typical of residential uses including mechanical noise from stationary sources, vehicular noise going to and from the dwellings and people talking and gathering outside. The Project is proposing to construct a six (6) foot noise barrier wall along the northern, southern and western property line of the site which is expected to attenuate most of these noise studies. However, HVAC equipment for the Project’s residential units will be generally located on the exterior ground floor area, and in some instances, in relatively close proximity to existing adjacent residential properties. The closest HVAC units are expected to be located approximately eight (8) feet from the northern property line, approximately nine (9) feet from the southern property line, approximately ten (10) feet from the eastern property line and approximately twenty (20) feet from the western property line. To assess the impact of Project HVAC units on adjacent residential properties, the Noise Impact Study calculated expected increases in noise levels at the property lines. The Noise Study found that noise generated by Project HVAC units would not impact existing residential properties north and east of the site. For the existing residential properties directly south of the site, the Project HVAC units would increase nighttime ambient noise levels approximately 2.1 dBA to 14.5 dBA Leq during the nighttime hours (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.). Typically, the human ear can perceive the change in the noise level of 5 dB, and therefore the impact is considered perceptible and more than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 86 To mitigate noise impacts associated with the Project HVAC units adjacent to the southern property line, the Noise Impact Study recommends the following measures: The final building plans shall ensure that HVAC units are not located within an area of the Project site that would contribute to a noise level exceedance at any adjacent property line, per the City of Rosemead Municipal Code requirements. To meet the City’s noise standards the following measures should be followed: • The combined noise level of all units operating simultaneously shall not exceed 60 dB(A) during daytime hours (7 a.m. to 10 p.m.) and 45 dB(A) during nighttime hours (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.). • HVAC units should be rated at 76 dB or less. These measures are added to the Project as Mitigation Measure NOI-3. The Noise Impact Study finds that with inclusion of these measures, Project operational noise impacts would be less than significant. b) Would the Project generate excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Vibration is most commonly expressed in terms of the root mean square (RMS) velocity of a vibrating object. RMS velocities are expressed in units of vibration decibels (VdB). Typically, developed areas are continuously affected by vibration velocities of 50 VdB or lower. These continuous vibrations are not noticeable to humans whose threshold of perception is around 65 VdB. Outdoor sources that may produce perceptible vibrations are usually caused by construction equipment and traffic on rough roads, while smooth roads rarely produce perceptible ground-borne noise or vibration. To counter the effects of ground-borne vibration, the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) has published guidance relative to vibration impacts. According to the FTA, buildings, even older fragile buildings, can be exposed to ground-borne vibration levels of 0.3 inches per second without experiencing structural damage. During construction, noticeable vibration can occur during jackhammering or blasting activities. Construction of the Project is not expected to require the use of substantial these or other vibration inducing equipment or activities., such as pile drivers or blasting. The main sources of vibration impacts during Project construction would be the operation of equipment such as bulldozer activity during site preparation, loading trucks during grading and excavation, and vibratory rollers during paving. The Noise Impact Study calculated potential Project construction vibration and found that ground-borne vibration levels would not exceed 0.3 inches per second. Although construction vibration would likely be perceptible, it would not impact to adjacent existing structures. Consequently, Project construction vibration impacts are less than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 87 c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? No Impact. The closest airport to the Project site is El Monte Airport, which is approximately four miles northeast. The Project would not expose people to excessive airport or airstrip noise levels. 6.13.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Potential noise impacts associated with the Project construction and operation could affect the future residents of the site. These impacts are site specific and not cumulative in nature. Mitigation Measures NOI-1 and NOI-2 are added to the Project to reduce potential noise impacts to Project residents and adjacent properties to less than significant levels. Consequently, no cumulative impacts relative to noise would occur from or to the Project. 6.13.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigations will be required to ensure City noise land use compatibility standards are met: Mitigation Measure NOI-1: On-Site Impacts – Construction Noise. Timing: During all Grading and Construction Activities. Department Responsible: Community Development (Planning and Building and Safety Divisions) • All construction equipment shall be equipped with mufflers and other suitable noise attenuation devices (e.g., engine shields). • Grading and construction contractors shall use quieter equipment as opposed to noisier equipment (such as rubber-tired equipment rather than track equipment), to the maximum extent feasible. • If feasible, electric hook-ups shall be provided to avoid the use of generators. If electric service is determined to be infeasible for the site, only whisper-quiet generators shall be used (i.e., inverter generators capable of providing variable load. • Use electric air compressors and similar power tools rather than diesel equipment, where feasible. • Locate staging area, generators and stationary construction equipment as far from the adjacent residential structures as feasible. • Construction-related equipment, including heavy-duty equipment, motor vehicles, and portable equipment, shall be turned off when not in use for more than 5 minutes. • Post a sign in a readily visible location at the project site that indicates the dates and duration of construction activities, as well as provide a telephone number where residents can enquire about the construction process and register complaints to an assigned construction noise disturbance coordinator. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 88 Mitigation Measure NOI-2: On-Site Impacts – Operational Noise. Timing: Prior to Issuance of a Building Permit for a Residential Structure. Division Responsible: Planning. The final building plans for the Project shall ensure that HVAC units are not located within an area of the Project site that would contribute to a noise level exceedance at any adjacent property line, per the City of Rosemead Municipal Code requirements. To meet the City’s noise standards the following measures should be followed: • The combined noise level of all units operating simultaneously shall not exceed 60 dB(A) during daytime hours (7 a.m. to 10 p.m.) and 45 dB(A) during nighttime hours (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.). • HVAC units should be rated at 76 dB or less. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 89 6.14 POPULATION AND HOUSING POPULATION AND HOUSING. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? X b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? X 6.14.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? Less Than Significant Impact. The Project would convert the General Plan Land Use Map designation for the Project site from Medium to High Density Residential, and the Zoning Map designation from R-2 Light Multiple Residential to PD Planned Development. Assuming an average household size of 3.76 persons12, the Project would generate 117 additional persons in the City, which represents a 0.2% increase over the City’s current 54,363 person population. This increase is nominal. As discussed in Section 6.11.1, this change would facilitate the transition of an underutilized and blighted site to a 31 residential unit townhome community. Other nearby properties could initiate a similar change. However, each proposed General Plan Land Use Map and Zoning Map amendment would be subject to its own review including review under CEQA. Consequently, Project impacts relative to inducement of substantial population growth would be less than significant. ** 12 State of California, Department of Finance, E-5 Population and Housing Estimates for Cities, Counties and the State — January 1, 2011-2018. Sacramento, California, May 2018. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 90 b) Would the Project displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? No Impact. The Project site consists of two parcels totaling approximately 1.2 acres of land developed with two residential structures, one is boarded up and the other is unoccupied. The Project would replace these two residential structures with 31 residential townhome units, increasing the available housing supply on the site. Consequently, the Project would not displace existing housing. c) Would the Project displace substantial numbers of people? No Impact. As discussed above, the two existing residential structures are unoccupied. The Project would replace these two residential structures with 31 residential townhome units, increasing the available housing supply on the site. Consequently, the Project would not displace people necessitating the construction of replacement housing. 6.14.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The Project would change the General Plan Land Use and zoning designations of the site from medium to a high density. This change would facilitate the transition of an underutilized and blighted site to a 31 residential unit townhome community. Other nearby properties could initiate a similar change. However, each proposed General Plan Land Use Map and Zoning Map amendment would be subject to its own review including review under CEQA. Consequently, cumulative impacts relative to population and housing would be less than significant. 6.14.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on population and housing. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 91 6.15 PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SERVICES. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: i) Fire protection? X ii) Police protection? X iii) Schools? X iv) Parks? X v) Other public facilities? X 6.15.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Fire Protection? Less Than Significant Impact. Fire protection services are provided by the Los Angeles County Fire Department. The Fire Department has two stations in Rosemead: • Station 4, located at 2644 N. San Gabriel Boulevard, about 0.8 miles southwest of the Project site. • Station 42, located at 9319 E. Valley Boulevard, about 2.0 miles northeast of the Project site. Replacing the two older existing residential structures on the site with 31 residential townhome units constructed in accordance with all applicable California Building Codes (CBC) could reduce the need for fire protection services at the site. As a result, the project is not expected to create increased Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 92 demands for fire protection services. Consequently, Project impacts relative to new or physically altered fire protection facilities would be less than significant levels. b) Police Protection? Less Than Significant Impact. Police protection services are provided by the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. The Temple City Sheriff’s Station located at 8838 Las Tunas Drive serves the City of Rosemead, including the Project site. The Project would replace two vacant residential structures, one which is boarded up, with a new residential development constructed to the latest Development and Building Codes, including installation of contemporary fencing and exterior lighting. The Project would increase City population by approximately 117 persons or 0.02% which is a nominal increase. The transition of the site to the proposed residential use is not expected to create increased demands for police services. Consequently, Project impacts relative to new or physically altered police protection facilities would be less than significant. c) Schools? Less Than Significant Impact. A number of school districts serve the City of Rosemead13: • El Monte Union High School District: The High School District has six different high schools under their jurisdiction including the one public high school in the City, Rosemead High School. • Garvey School District: The Garvey School District serves four square- mile portions of Monterey Park, San Gabriel, Rosemead, and Los Angeles County unincorporated territory. It is the second oldest elementary school district in Los Angeles County. • Rosemead School District: The Rosemead School District educates more than 2,900 Preschool, Transitional Kindergarten through Eighth-grade students on a traditional calendar schedule. The Rosemead School District serves students who reside in Rosemead and portions of El Monte, San Gabriel, and Temple City. The District is currently comprised of four elementary schools and one middle school. All students from the middle school continue on to attend Rosemead High School which is a part of the El Monte Union High School District. The transition of the Project site from two vacant residential structures to 31 residential townhome units could put new demands on school services. However, per California Government Code (CGC), the Project would be subject to the payment of school impact fees (Section 53080, CGC). As authorized under Section 17620(a) of the California Education Code (CEC) and Section 65995(b) of the CGC, local school districts are authorized to impose and collect ** 13 http://www.cityofrosemead.org/contacts/resources/local_resources/school_districts; accessed June 25, 2020. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 93 school “impact fees” for all residential and non-residential development activities that occur within their jurisdiction to off-set the additional costs associated with the new students that result directly from the construction of new residential townhome units. Payment of school impact fees constitutes full mitigation for the school impacts associated with new residential development. Consequently, Project impacts relative to new or physically altered school facilities would be less than significant. d) Parks? Less Than Significant Impact. The City of Rosemead Parks and Recreation Department is responsible for maintaining the parks and recreation facilities within Rosemead. The City currently operates and maintains several parks, aquatic facilities and other recreational facilities that serve the residents of Rosemead. Pursuant to City of Rosemead Ordinance No. 949, new development in the City is charged development impact fees for services and facilities, including park facilities, necessary to accommodate growth. Payment of the City development impact fees would off-set the Project’s incremental demand for park facilities. Consequently, Project impacts relative to new or physically altered park facilities would be reduced to less than significant levels. e) Other Public Facilities? Less Than Significant Impact. Other public facilities include library and general municipal services. The Rosemead Library, located at 880 Valley Boulevard, is part of the Los Angeles County Library System. The transition of the Project site from two unoccupied residential structures to 31 residential townhome units could put new demands on other the library and other public facilities. As indicated previously, the Project would generate 117 additional residents. However, the potential increase in residents in the City is not anticipated to result in significant adverse impacts on the existing library services and facilities and/or other public services provided by the City due to the availability and accessibility of electronic library services, which reduce the need and demand for library facilities. Similarly, other municipal services are typically funded through user fees, property tax or sales tax revenues to which the future Project residents would contribute. Consequently, Project impacts relative to new or physically altered public facilities would be less than significant. 6.15.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse public services impacts, as increased demand would be offset by payment of school, park and user fees and property and sales tax. Consequently, the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative impacts to public services. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 94 6.15.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on public services. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 95 6.16 RECREATION RECREATION. Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Would the Project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? X b) Does the Project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities that might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? X 6.16.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Less Than Significant Impact. The City of Rosemead Parks and Recreation Department currently operates and maintains several parks, aquatic facilities and other recreational facilities. The transition of the Project site to 31 residential townhome units could put new demands on recreational services. However, the Project is also proposing open space and recreational amenities within its development. It would provide 2,556 square feet of private open space consisting of patios and balconies, and 11,542 square feet of common open space consisting of a central community open space with a shade structure, barbeque and seating and secondary open space with fire pit and seating. Combined, 14,098 square feet of open space would be provided, an average of 454.8 square feet of open space per unit. In addition, the Project would be required to pay the applicable development impact fees to offset the project’s demand for parks and recreational facilities. Payment of the development impact fees would off-set the Project’s incremental demand for park and recreational facilities. Consequently, Project impacts relative to substantial physical deterioration of parks or other recreational facilities would be less than significant. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 96 b) Does the Project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Less Than Significant Impact. As discussed previously, the Project includes common open space areas totaling 11,542 square feet. The potential environmental impacts of these common open space are evaluated within this Initial Study and are not found to have a significant effect on the environment. In addition, the Project would be required to pay development impact fees which offset the Project’s demand for parks and recreational facilities. Consequently, Project impacts relative to construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment would be less than significant. 6.16.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse recreation impacts subject to payment of development impact fees. Consequently, the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative impacts to recreation facilities or services. 6.16.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts on recreation. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 97 6.17 TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? X b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines § 15064.3,subdivision (b)? X c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? X d) Result in inadequate emergency access? X 6.17.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS Data presented in this Transportation/Traffic section is based on the “Willard & Garvey Residential Development Traffic Impact Study, City of Rosemead, California”, (Traffic Impact Study) prepared by RK Engineering Group Inc., contained as Appendix F to this Initial Study. a) Would the Project conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? Less Than Significant Impact. Transit Facilities. Transit is available to the City through four providers: Access Service, Dial-A-Ride, Rosemead Explorer and Regional Transportation.14 Access Services is Los Angeles County's ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) mandated paratransit services to Rosemead and other Los Angeles County communities. Access Paratransit operates seven days a week, 24 hours of the day in most areas of the County. It is a shared ride service that operates curb-to-curb and utilizes a fleet of small buses, mini-vans and taxis. The City offers a Dial-A-Ride service for Rosemead residents who are 55 years or older or have disabilities. Dial-A-Ride customers can schedule a ** 14 http://www.cityofrosemead.org/cms/One.aspx?portalId=10035075&pageId=10972373; accessed July 17, 2020. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 98 personalized service to travel anywhere within a 5-mile radius of the City of Rosemead. The Rosemead Explorer operates Monday through Friday from 5:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. The Rosemead Explorer offers affordable transportation throughout the City with many stops along its fixed-route, including the Garvey Community Center, Rosemead Community Recreation Center, and major retail centers and shopping and dining areas. Regional transit service is available through the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) bus services, which has eight fixed route lines that serve Rosemead. With the variety of transit options in the City, there will be ample transit available to future Project residents, and the Project would not conflict with circulation or mobility plans related to transit. Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities. Exhibit 3-6, Existing Bicycle Routes and Potential Future Routes, of the General Plan identifies existing and potential bikeways in the City. An existing Class I bike trail, completely separated from the street, is located along the Rio Hondo Channel, less than a mile west of the Project site. Another potential bike line would be located along Garvey Avenue. The Project proposes sidewalks and pedestrian areas within its site plan. With existing and potential bikeways nearby and sidewalks and pedestrian areas within the proposed site plan, the Project would not conflict with circulation or mobility plans related to bicycle or pedestrian facilities. Roadways. To determine the vehicular traffic impacts on local roadways, the City of Rosemead applies level of service (LOS) thresholds, which rate traffic congestion on a scale from A to F, based on the volume of traffic to the capacity of the roadway (V/C): A: Free Flow. Traffic flows at or above the posted speed limit and motorists have complete mobility between lanes. (V/C=0-0.60) B: Reasonably Free Flow. LOS A speeds are maintained, maneuverability within the traffic stream is slightly restricted. (V/C=0.61-0.70) C: Stable Flow, at or near free flow. Ability to maneuver through lanes is noticeably restricted and lane changes require more driver awareness. (V/C=0.71-0.80) D: approaching Unstable Flow. Speeds slightly decrease as traffic volume slightly increase. Freedom to maneuver within the traffic stream is much more limited and driver comfort levels decrease. (V/C=0.81-0.90) E: Unstable Flow, Operating At Capacity. Flow becomes irregular and speed varies rapidly because there are virtually no usable gaps to maneuver in the traffic stream and speeds rarely reach the posted limit. (V/C=0.91-100) F: Forced or Breakdown Flow. Every vehicle moves in lockstep with the vehicle in front of it, with frequent slowing required. Travel time cannot be predicted, with generally more demand than capacity. The road is in a constant traffic jam. (V/C>1.00) Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 99 In the City of Rosemead, traffic flow is considered acceptable if it moves at LOS D or better. Any intersection operating at a LOS E or LOS F is considered deficient. When evaluating a project’s impact to traffic flow, the City requires an analysis of traffic “without Project” and the “with Project”. Projects that cause a V/C increase as shown below would have a significant impact and would be required to mitigate its contribution to a LOS deficiency: For the Project, the Traffic Impact Study evaluated Project traffic impacts by analyzing traffic levels on the following two intersections which were selected by the City traffic consultant: • Rockhold Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) – Unsignalized; and • Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) – Unsignalized. The Traffic Impact Study evaluated traffic conditions of the two study intersections for the following scenarios in accordance with the County of Los Angeles requirements and guidelines: • Existing Conditions; • Existing Plus Project Conditions; • Opening Year With Ambient Growth Without Project Conditions; • Opening Year With Ambient Growth With Project Conditions; • Opening Year With Ambient Growth With Related Projects Without Project Conditions; and • Opening Year With Ambient Growth With Related Projects With Project Conditions. To determine existing traffic volumes at the intersections, AM, Mid-day and PM peak hour traffic counts were taken in February 2020, when the Willard Elementary School was in session. Based on these counts, the Traffic Impact Study reports that the average daily traffic (ADT) along Willard Avenue between Dorothy Street and Garvey Avenue is 1,636 vehicles. These traffic volumes disperse to the two study intersections as show in Table 11, below. Rockhold Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) has an acceptable LOS A throughout the day; and Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) has an unacceptable LOS of F during the AM and PM peak, and E during the Mid-day peak. Pre-Project LOS Pre-Project V/C Project V/C Increase C 0.71 – 0.80 0.04 or more D 0.81 – 0.90 0.02 or more E/F 0.91 or more 0.01 or more Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 100 The Project is forecast to generate approximately 169 trip-ends per day, including approximately 11 trips during the AM peak hour, approximately 13 trips during the Mid-day peak hour, and approximately 13 trips during the PM peak hour. As shown in Table 11, the Project would not significantly alter the existing traffic patterns at the two intersections. The Traffic Impact Study also calculated Project traffic volumes at the Project entrance at Willard Avenue. As shown in Table 12, traffic volumes at the Project entrance would be at acceptable LOS B in the AM, and A in the Mid-day and PM. Table 11: Existing Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions Intersection Existing Conditions Existing Plus Project Conditions Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Change in V/C Ratio Significant Impact? AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM 1. Rockhold Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) 9.9 8.4 8.1 A A A 0.338 0.245 0.264 10.1 8.5 8.2 B A A 0.342 0.249 0.268 0.004 0.004 0.004 No No No 2. Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) 387.0 40.8 55.2 F E F 0.514 0.457 0.476 387.0 42.3 55.2 F E F 0.518 0.459 0.477 0.004 0.002 0.001 No No No 3. Willard Avenue (NS) / Project Access (EW) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.5 9.5 9.2 B A A 0.192 0.156 0.159 --- --- --- No No No The Traffic Impact Study also assessed Project opening year 2022 conditions by adding an annual ambient growth rate of 1% to existing traffic levels, and then compared the 2022 ambient growth conditions to a plus Project condition. As shown in Table 12, traffic levels remain the same at the two study intersections and the Project entrance with and without the Project. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 101 Table 12: Opening Year (2022) With Ambient Growth Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions Intersection Existing Conditions Existing Plus Project Conditions Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Change in V/C Ratio Significant Impact? AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM 1. Rockhold Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) 10.1 8.5 8.1 B A A 0.343 0.248 0.267 10.2 8.5 8.3 B A A 10.2 8.5 8.3 0.004 0.004 0.004 No No No 2. Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) 440.8 44.3 58.9 F E F 0.523 0.465 0.483 452.1 44.3 59.7 F E F 452.1 44.3 59.7 0.003 0.001 0.001 No No No 3. Willard Avenue (NS) / Project Access (EW) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.6 9.6 9.2 B A A 10.6 9.6 9.2 --- --- --- No No No The Traffic Impact Study then added the cumulative projects listed in Table 2 of this Initial Study. Combined, the cumulative projects would generate approximately 17,725 trip-ends per day, including approximately 1,214 trips during the AM peak hour, approximately 1,990 trips during the Mid-day peak hour, and approximately 1,502 trips during the PM peak hour. As shown in Table 13, with the addition of the cumulative projects and ambient growth, Rockhold Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) maintains an acceptable LOS with B in the AM and A in the Mid-day and PM. The Project entry also maintains an acceptable LOS with B in the AM and A in the Mid-day and PM. Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) maintains the unacceptable LOS of F during the AM and PM peak, and raises Mid-day traffic from an LOS E to LOS F. However, this increase is .001 V/C, which is below the City threshold of significance 0.01 or more V/C increase for intersections where the pre-project LOS is E or F. Based on this City threshold of significance, the Project contribution to year 2022 traffic volumes with ambient growth and the cumulative projects does not result in a significant traffic impact. Consequently, the Project would not conflict with applicable plans or policies relative to circulation or mobility. Table 13: Opening Year (2022) With Ambient Growth With Cumulative Projects Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions Intersection Existing Conditions Existing Plus Project Conditions Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Change in V/C Ratio Significant Impact? AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM 1. Rockhold 10.2 8.6 8.2 B A A 0.346 0.253 0.271 10.3 8.6 8.2 B A A 0.350 0.257 0.275 0.004 0.004 0.004 No No No Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 102 Table 13: Opening Year (2022) With Ambient Growth With Cumulative Projects Plus Project Traffic Level Conditions Intersection Existing Conditions Existing Plus Project Conditions Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Delay (Secs)1,2 Level of Service V/C Ratio 4 Change in V/C Ratio Significant Impact? AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM AM MID PM Avenue (NS) / Dorothy Street (EW) 2. Willard Avenue (NS) / Garvey Avenue (EW) 711.1 83.8 86.0 F F F 0.553 0.510 0.516 711.1 85.3 86 F F F 0.554 0.511 0.517 0.001 0.001 0.001 No No No 3. Willard Avenue (NS) / Project Access (EW) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 10.7 9.7 9.3 B A A 0.202 0.162 0.164 --- --- --- No No No b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines § 15064.3, subdivision (b)? Less Than Significant Impact. On September 27, 2013, Governor Jerry Brown signed SB 743 into law and started a process intended to fundamentally change how transportation impact analysis is conducted as part of the CEQA review of projects. SB 743 eliminates Level of Service (LOS) as the basis for determining transportation impacts under CEQA and requires the use of Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) instead. The state is shifting the focus of CEQA traffic analysis from measuring a project's impact on automobile delay (LOS) to measuring the amount and distance of automobile travel that is attributable to a project (VMT). The State's goal in changing the metric used to determine a significant transportation impact is to encourage land use and transportation decisions that reduce greenhouse gas emissions, encourage infill development, and improve public health through active transportation. The City of Rosemead adopted VMT traffic thresholds of impact via a City Council Resolution on June 9, 2020. Consistent with the State’s guidance, Rosemead’s adopted thresholds filter out areas of the City that are already considered "low VMT" traffic analysis zones (TAZs) and consistent with the surrounding existing General Plan land uses and can be considered local-serving. Projects that located within a low VMT zone and meet the land use criteria are forecast to have a VMT that is 15% below the regional average, and are considered to have a less than significant impact. Attachment C of Rosemead’s adopted VMT thresholds illustrates the portions of the City within designated Low VMT Areas. As shown in Figure 15 below, the Project site is within a designated Low VMT Area which is 15% below the regional average. Further, as noted above, the Project is considered local-serving and Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 103 consistent with the residential land uses in the area. Consequently, the Project would have a less than significant VMT impact. Figure 15. City of Rosemead Low VMT Areas c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Although the Project would not result in a significant impact on traffic levels on City streets, because the Project site is located directly in front of the Willard Elementary School, the Traffic Impact Study recommended the following measures to minimize conflicts with school traffic. These measures are incorporated into Mitigation Measure TR- 1, below, and shall be implemented during Project construction: • Minimize construction traffic during peak traffic periods of weekday 7:00 AM to 9:00 AM, weekday mid-day school pick-up periods, and weekday PM peak period of 4:00 PM to 6:00 PM. • Contact the Garvey School District at (626) 307-3400 regarding the potential impact upon existing school bus routes. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 104 • The Project Construction Manager or designee should notify the Garvey School District of the expected start and end dates for various portions of the project that may affect traffic within nearby school areas. • Provide unrestricted access to schools for school buses. • Avoid delays to transported students resulted by truck and construction traffic. • Avoid adverse impacts on school buses’ on-time performance and passenger safety resulting from changed traffic patterns, lane adjustment, traffic light patterns, and altered bus stops during and after construction. • Construction trucks and other vehicles are required to stop when encountering school buses using red-flashing-lights must-stop-indicators per the California Vehicle Code (CVC). • Contractors must install and maintain appropriate traffic controls (signs and signals) to ensure vehicular and pedestrian safety. • Contractors must maintain ongoing communication with Garvey School District school administrators, providing sufficient notice to forewarn children and parents when existing vehicle routes to school may be impacted. • Continue to maintain access to the passenger loading areas for parents dropping off their children. • Contractors must maintain ongoing communication with Garvey School District school administrators, providing sufficient notice to forewarn children and parents when existing pedestrian routes to school may be impacted. • Contractors must maintain safe and convenient pedestrian routes to all nearby schools. The District will provide School Pedestrian Route Maps upon request. • No staging or parking of construction-related vehicles, including worker- transport vehicles, should occur on or adjacent to a school property. • Construction fencing must be installed to secure construction equipment and to minimize trespassing, vandalism, short-cut attractions, and attractive nuisances. • Additionally, the school’s hours are from 7:55 AM to 2:35 PM. The Project contractor shall avoid hampering school traffic from 7:30 AM to 8:00 AM and from 2:30 PM to 3:00 PM. The Traffic Impact Study also recommended measures to improve site access. These measures are listed below and incorporated into Mitigation Measure TR-2 Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 105 below. In addition to these measures, the Project applicant proposes to facilitate existing school crossings along Willard Avenue by working with the City and School District to explore the feasibility of installing a crosswalk and/or crossing guard along Willard Avenue in front of the school. • Sight distance at all Project access points should be reviewed with respect to City of Rosemead sight distance standards at the time of preparation of final grading, landscape, and street improvement plans. • Provide appropriate signage and pavement markings at the Project site driveways, including stop bars and stop signs and restrict project access through clear signage and other means as follows: One (1) proposed unsignalized full-access driveway on Willard Avenue. • Participate in any approved transportation or development impact fees established by the City of Rosemead. With the inclusion of Mitigation Measures TR-1 and TR-2, Project impacts relative to transportation design hazards would be less than significant. d) Result in inadequate emergency access? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Primary entry to the Project site would be from Willard via a 26-foot private drive aisle that would connect at a T-juncture to 26-foot fire lane and hammer head, and then a 20 and 24-foot drive aisle. All of the Project’s 8 buildings would take vehicular access from the drive aisles. The fire lane and hammer head are built to Fire Code standards and would supply adequate emergency access for the Project. However as discussed in Section 6.9.f of this Initial Study, Project construction activities could temporarily impact street traffic adjacent to the site due to roadway improvements and potential extension of construction activities into the right-of- way. This could reduce the number of lanes or temporarily close certain street segments. Any such impacts would be limited to the construction period and would affect only adjacent streets or intersections. With implementation of construction traffic plan, temporary street closures would not affect emergency access in the vicinity of future developments, and potential impacts would be less than significant. Mitigation Measure HAZ-3 is added to require a construction traffic plan. Consequently, with implementation of Mitigation Measure HAZ-3, the Project would not impair implementation or interfere with the City’s emergency response or evacuation plans. 6.17.3 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project, including proposed cumulative projects, would not result in any significant adverse transportation or traffic impacts subject to conditions. Consequently, no significant adverse cumulative transportation or traffic impacts would result from the project. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 106 6.17.4 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigation measures are required to ensure internal circulation, project entry and roadway circulation system continue to operate in an efficient, effective, and safe manner. Mitigation Measure TR-1: Construction Traffic. Timing: During All Grading and Construction Activities. Department Responsible: Building Division. During all grading and construction activities, the Project Applicant shall insure that its contractor implement the following measures. • Minimize construction traffic during peak traffic periods of weekday 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m., weekday mid-day school pick-up periods, and weekday PM peak period of 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. • Contact the Garvey School District at (626) 307-3400 regarding the potential impact upon existing school bus routes. • The Construction Manager or designee should notify the Garvey School District of the expected start and end dates for various portions of the project that may affect traffic within nearby school areas. • Provide unrestricted access to schools for school buses. • Avoid delays to transported students resulted by truck and construction traffic. • Avoid adverse impacts on school buses’ on-time performance and passenger safety resulting from changed traffic patterns, lane adjustment, traffic light patterns, and altered bus stops during and after construction. • Construction trucks and other vehicles are required to stop when encountering school buses using red-flashing-lights must-stop- indicators per the California Vehicle Code (CVC). • Contractors must install and maintain appropriate traffic controls (signs and signals) to ensure vehicular and pedestrian safety. • Contractors must maintain ongoing communication with Garvey School District school administrators, providing sufficient notice to forewarn children and parents when existing vehicle routes to school may be impacted. • Continue to maintain access to the passenger loading areas for parents dropping off their children. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 107 • Contractors must maintain safe and convenient pedestrian routes to all nearby schools. The District will provide School Pedestrian Route Maps upon request. • No staging or parking of construction-related vehicles, including worker-transport vehicles, should occur on the east of Willard Avenue adjacent to a school property. • Barriers and/or fencing must be installed to secure construction equipment and to minimize trespassing, vandalism, short-cut attractions, and attractive nuisances. • The school’s hours are from 7:55 AM to 2:35 PM. Project construction shall avoid interference with school traffic from 7:30 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. and from 2:30 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. on school day so that faculty and parents can enter and leave the site as needed. Mitigation Measure TR-2: Site Access. Timing: Prior to Residential Building Permit Issuance / Prior to Certificate of Occupancy Issuance. Department Responsible: Planning & Economic / Public Works. Prior to issuance of the first residential building permit, the Project applicant shall submit plans for the following measures to the City for review and approval. Prior to issuance of a certificate of occupancy, the Project applicant shall insure that the following measures are implemented as required by the City: • Review sight distance at all Project access points with respect to City of Rosemead sight distance standards at the time of preparation of final grading, landscape, and street improvement plans, and implement appropriate red curbing or other measures as required by the City. • Provide appropriate signage and pavement markings at the Project site driveways, including stop bars and stop signs, and restrict project access through clear signage and other means as follows: o One (1) proposed unsignalized full-access driveway on Willard Avenue. • Participate in any approved transportation or development impact fees established by the City of Rosemead. Mitigation Measure HAZ-3: Traffic Control Plan. Timing: Prior to Issuance of Grading Permits. Department Responsible: Public Works. Prior to any grading or construction activities, the Applicant shall be provide for review and approval of the City Engineer a construction traffic control plan to ensure emergency access routes are not obstructed. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 108 6.18 TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES. Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: i) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k), or X ii) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. X 6.18.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: (1) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k). Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 109 Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. As discussed in Section 6.5.b of this Initial Study, a records search by the SCCIC was conducted and the results found that no archaeological studies have been conducted in the Project area and as a result, no archaeological resources have been identified.(Reference Appendix D.) SCCIC notes that buried resources could potentially be unearthed during Project grading activities, and therefore, customary caution and a halt- work condition should be in place for all ground-disturbing activities. In the event that any evidence of cultural resources is discovered, all work within the vicinity of the find should stop until a qualified archaeological consultant can assess the find and make recommendations. Mitigation Measure CUL-1, is added to the Project to incorporate SCCIC’s recommendations and protect potential historic resources. A Sacred Lands File (SLF) check of the Project area was conducted by NAHC. (Reference Appendix B.) The NAHC check searched records from the Information Center of the California Historical Resources Information System (CHRIS) and available archaeological inventories. The results of the SLF check was positive and the NAHC recommended contacting the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians and the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation for more information. As discussed in Section 2.11 of this Initial Study, on February 12, 2020, Lily Valenzuela, Planning and Economic Development Manager for the City, sent letters inviting tribal resource consultation to five tribes, including the Gabrieleno/Tongva San Gabriel Band of Mission Indians and the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation. On February 14, 2020, a representative from the Gabrieleno Band of Mission Indians – Kizh Nation contacted Ms. Valenzuela requesting consultation. A consultation was scheduled for April 29, 2020 at 11:00 a.m.; however at 9:45 a.m. on April 29th before the scheduled meeting, a tribal representative contacted Ms. Valenzuela and cancelled the consultation, stating that after further discussion with the tribal government, the tribe no longer has any concerns with the Project location. No other tribe requested consultation. To continue to account for the possibility that tribal resources could be identified on the Project site, Mitigation Measure TCR-1, below, is added to the Project establishing procedures should tribal resources be uncovered during Project grading activities. With inclusion of this measure and CUL-1, potential impacts relative to historical archaeological resources would be reduced to less than significant levels. (2) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. California Public Resources Code § 21080.3.1 and Assembly Bill (AB) 52 established a process to Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 110 assess tribal cultural resources through consultation with the Native American tribal representatives. As discussed above, pursuant to these requirements, letters from the City of Rosemead were sent to five tribes requesting consultation. The Gabrieleño Band of Mission Indians/Kizh Nation requested and then cancelled consultation finding no concerns with the Project location. However, to continue to account for the possibility that tribal resources could be identified on the Project site, Mitigation Measure TCR-1, below, is added to the Project establishing procedures should tribal resources be uncovered during Project grading activities. In addition, Mitigation Measure CUL-2 (Section 6.5.3) addresses the potential for discovery of human remains if determined to be prehistoric, requiring notification of the NAHC and determination and notification most likely descendant (MLD). Consequently, with inclusion of Mitigation Measures CUL-2 and TCR-1, potential impacts to tribal resources would be reduced to less than significant levels. 6.18.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS Mitigation Measure TRC-1 is added to the Project to protect potential tribal resources that could be found on site during excavation activities. Further Mitigation Measures CUL-1 and CUL-2 presented in Section 6.5.3 of this Initial Study would reduce potential impacts to potential tribal remains. By reducing on site impacts to less than significant levels, cumulative impacts relative to tribal resources would also be reduced to less than significant levels. 6.18.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following measure will be required to mitigate potential Project impacts related to tribal resources to less than significant levels: Mitigation Measure TRC-1: Native American Monitoring. Timing: Prior to Issuance of Grading Permits. Department Responsible: Community Development (Planning and Building & Safety Divisions) If potential Native American resources are uncovered during grading, the applicant shall be required to halt work within 50 feet of the find, inform the Director of Planning & Economic or his/her designee immediately and retain a qualified professional archaeologist and an experienced and certified Native American monitor of Gabrieleño heritage to examine the material to determine whether it is a “unique cultural resource” as defined in Section 21083.2 (g) of the State CEQA Statues. If this determination is positive, the scientifically consequential information shall be fully recovered by the archaeologist and Native American monitor. Work may continue outside the area of the find. However, no further work shall occur in the immediate location of the find until all information recovery has been completed and a report concerning same filed with the County, a designated repository as appropriate and made available to interested representatives of Native American tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the Project area. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 111 6.19 UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS. Would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? X b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? X c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? X d) Generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? X e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? X 6.19.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? No Impact. The Project is an infill development that would connect to existing utility connections currently available to the site. As discussed in Section 6.10 of Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 112 this Initial Study, the quality of the wastewater that would be generated by the residential Project is not anticipated to include any materials that would cause the wastewater treatment plant that would serve the project to exceed the wastewater treatment requirements established by the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board. Consequently, the Project would not require or result in the relocation of new or expanded utilities. b) Would the Project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? Less Than Significant Impact. Water service to Rosemead is served by several water companies, including: San Gabriel County Water District, San Gabriel Valley Water, Golden State Water, Amarillo Mutual Water, California American Water. Water supply distributed from these companies comes from Metropolitan Water District of Southern California imported water and groundwater wells located within the Rosemead service boundary. Changing the land use designation from medium density to high density will result in a population increase of 0.2%. This increase is nominal and the development and future residents will be required to pay water impact fees and water use fees to off-set the Project’s incremental demand for water. The Project would connect to the existing water line on Willard Avenue, and would be required by the CBC to install low flow water fixtures that conserve water. Consequently, potential adverse impacts relative to water supplies would be less than significant. c) Would the Project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? Less Than Significant Impact. Sanitary sewer service for the Project site is provided by the City of Rosemead. The existing local wastewater collection system within the Project area is owned and operated by the City as well as by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (LACSD). Wastewater is collected by gravity sewers and lift stations and then transported through trunk sewers to LACSD’s San Jose Creek and Whittier Narrows Water Reclamation Plants (WRP). The San Jose Creek WRP provides primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment for an average dry weather flow (DWF) of 100 million gallons of wastewater per day (mgd).15 As discussed above, Project is an infill development that would connect to existing utility connections currently available to the site. Changing the land use designation from medium density to high density will result in a population increase of 0.2%. This increase is nominal and the development and future residents will be required to pay sewer impact fees and use fees to off-set the Project’s incremental demand for wastewater services. The Project would connect ** 15 City of Rosemead Draft Environmental Impact Report Garvey Avenue Corridor Specific Plan, Volume I, May 2017. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 113 to the existing wastewater line on Willard Avenue, and would be required by the CBC to install low flow water fixtures that reduce the amount of wastewater. Consequently, potential adverse impacts relative to wastewater treatment capacity would be less than significant. d) Would the Project generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? Less Than Significant Impact. Solid waste services in the City are provided through a contract with Republic Services. The solid waste is hauled to the Puente Hills Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) in the City of Whittier and operated by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County. The MRF separates recyclable material from municipal solid waste and all residual waste is hauled to permitted landfills and all recovered recyclable materials are recycled. Changing the land use designation from medium density to high density will result in a population increase of 0.2%. This increase is nominal and future residents will be required to pay refuse collection fees to off-set the Project’s incremental demand for solid waste services. Consequently, the Project impacts relative to solid waste generation and capacity and solid waste reduction goals would be less than significant. e) Would the Project comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? Less Than Significant Impact. Recycling services are part of the City’s solid waste program. Typical services include collection of recyclables such as glass, metals and plastic. The City also provides contact information for e-waste and household hazardous waste. Future Project residents would be required to participate in recycling as part of the refuse collection program. Although the Project would increase City population by 0.2%, this increase is nominal and future residents would be required to pay refuse collection fees to off-set the Project’s incremental demand for wastewater services. Consequently, Project impacts relative to compliance with solid waste regulations would be less than significant. 6.19.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse utilities and service systems impacts, as increased demand would be offset by payment of applicable impact fees and user fees. Consequently, the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative impacts to public services. 6.19.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts related to utilities and service systems. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 114 6.20 WILDFIRE WILDFIRE. If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? X b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? X c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? X d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? X 6.20.1 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS a) Would the Project substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? Less Than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. The City of Rosemead is nearly entirely built out, and is near completely urbanized. The General Plan Public Safety does not identify a potential for wildfires in the City but does address the potential for stationary fires. Service by the County Los Angeles Fire Department and adequate water supply and flow are discussed by the General Plan as local tools to address potential fires. As discussed in Section 6.9.f of this Initial Study, the Project site would take access from Willard via a 26-foot private drive aisle that would connect at a T- juncture to 26-foot fire lane and hammer head, and then a 20 and 24-foot drive aisle All of the Project’s 8 buildings would take vehicular access from the drive Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 115 aisles. The fire lane and hammer head are built to Fire Code standards and would supply adequate emergency access for the Project. Construction activities associated with the Project development could temporarily impact street traffic adjacent to the site. Mitigation measure HAZ-3 is added to require a construction traffic plan. Consequently, with implementation of Mitigation Measure HAZ-3, the Project would not substantially impair an adopted emergency response or evacuation plan. b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? No Impact. Rosemead is relatively flat and urbanized. The General Plan Public Safety does not identify a potential for wildfires in the City. The Project would replace two unoccupied residential structures with new residential development built to current CBC and Fire Code standards. Consequently, the Project would not exacerbate wildfire risks. c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? No Impact. As discussed above, Rosemead is relatively flat and urbanized. The General Plan Public Safety does not identify a potential for wildfires in the City. The Project would replace two unoccupied residential structures with new residential development built to current CBC and Fire Code standards. The Project would be located on an infill site surrounded by urban development. Consequently, the Project would not require installation or maintenance of roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities that could exacerbate fire risk. d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? No Impact. As discussed above, Rosemead is relatively flat and urbanized. The General Plan Public Safety does not identify a potential for wildfires in the City. The Project would replace two unoccupied residential structures with new residential development built to current CBC and Fire Code standards. The Project would be located on an infill site surrounded by urban development. process grading plan review and permit issuance. In addition, Project construction must comply with the requirements of the approved geotechnical report. Consequently, the Project is not expected to expose people or structures to significant risks related to flooding or landslides. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 116 6.20.2 CUMULATIVE IMPACTS The analysis determined that the proposed Project would not result in any significant adverse impacts relative to wildfire. Consequently, the Project would not result in significant adverse cumulative impacts related to wildfire risks. 6.20.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The analysis indicated that the implementation of the proposed Project would not result in any significant impacts related to wildfire. As a result, no mitigation is required. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 117 6.21 MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE. Potentially Significant Impact Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated Less Than Significant No Impact a) Does the Project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self- sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or an endangered threatened species, or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? X b) Does the Project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (‘Cumulatively considerable’ means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects)? X c) Does the Project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? X a) Does the Project have the potential to degrade the quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The Project would not have substantial impacts on special status species, stream habitat, and wildlife dispersal and migration. Furthermore, the Project would not affect the local, regional, or national populations or ranges of any plant or animal species and Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 118 would not threaten any plant communities. There is potential for inadvertent finds of archaeological and Native American archeological resources during project grading. Potential impacts to Native American resources would be mitigated by Mitigation Measures CUL-1, CUL-2 and TRC-1. With implementation of these mitigation measures, the Project’s Mandatory Finding of Significance relative to degrading the quality of the environment would be less significant. b) Does the Project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of the past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future projects)? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The Project would result in potential significant impacts relative to air quality, cultural resources, hazards and hazardous materials, emergency access, noise and traffic. Mitigation measures are added to the Project to reduce these impacts to less than significant levels. Consequently, with these mitigation measures added, cumulative impacts relative to these environmental areas would also be less than significant. Consequently, the Project’s Mandatory Finding of Significance relative to contribution to cumulative impacts would be less than significant with mitigation incorporated. c) Does the Project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The Project would result in potential significant impacts relative to hazards and hazardous materials, including emergency access and traffic and transportation. Mitigation measures HAZ-1 through HAZ-3, TR-1 and TR-2 are added to the Project to reduce these impacts to less than significant levels. Consequently, the Project’s Mandatory Finding of Significance relative to a substantial adverse effect on human beings would be less than significant with mitigation incorporated. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 119 SECTION 7.0 – LIST OF PREPARERS 7.1 PREPARATION – ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENT o Joann Lombardo, Comprehensive Planning Services 7.2 PREPARATION - AIR QUALITY / GHG ANALYSIS o Bryan Estrada, RK Engineering Group, Inc. o Darshan Shivaiah, Engineering Group, Inc. 7.3 PREPARATION - TRAFFIC ANALYSIS o Alex Tabrizi, RK Engineering Group, Inc. 7.4 PREPARATION - NOISE ANALYSIS o Bryan Estrada, RK Engineering Group, Inc. Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 120 SECTION 8.0 – LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS The following lists acronyms and technical abbreviations that appear in this document by alphabetical order: • 4,4’-DDD - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane • 4,4’-DDE - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene • 4,4'-DDT - Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane • AB - Assembly Bill • ACMs - Asbestos Containing Material • ADT - Average Daily Trips • AQMP - Air Quality Management Plan • C02e - Carbon Dioxide Equivalents • CAL Reg - California Register of Historical Resources • CARB - California Air Resources Board • CBC - California Building Codes • CCR - California Code of Regulations • CEQA - California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) • CFCs - Chlorofluorocarbons • CFM - Cubic Feet per Minute • CGC - California Government Code • CH4 - Methane • CO - Carbon Monoxide • CO2 - Carbon Dioxide • CVC - California Vehicle Code • dB - Decibels • dBA - Average (A-weighted) Decibels • DOT - Department of Transportation • DPM - Diesel Particulate Matter • DWF - Dry Weather Flow • EIR - Environmental Impact Report • FEMA - Federal Emergency Management Agency • GHG - Greenhouse Gas Emissions • H20 - Water • HFCs - Hydrofluorocarbons • HPD - California State Historic Properties Directory • ITE - Institute of Traffic Engineers • LACSD - Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County • LBP - Lead Based Paint • lbs - Pounds • Ldn - Quiet Time Noise Measurement • LEQ - Noise Energy Level Measurement • LID - Preliminary Low Impact Development • LOS - Level of Service • LST - Localized Significance Threshold • MBTA - Migratory Bird Treaty Act • mgd - Millions of gallons per day • MLD - Most Likely Descendant Initial Study Willard & Garvey Residential Project City of Rosemead Page 121 • MRF - Material Recovery Facility • MRZ - Mineral Resources Zone • MSL - Mean Sea Level • Mtons - Metric Tons • NAHC - Native American Heritage Commission • NOx - Nitrogen Oxide • NPDES - National Pollution Discharge Elimination System • PD - Planned Development • PFCs - Perfluorocarbons • PM-10 - Respirable 10-Micron Diameter Particulate Matter • PM-2.5 - Respirable 2.5-Micron Diameter Particulate Matter • REC - Recognized Environmental Condition • RMS - Root Mean Square Vibration Velocity • ROG - Reactive Organic Gases) • RTP/SCS - Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy • SB - Senate Bill • SCAB - South Coast Air Basin • SCAG - Southern California Association of Governments • SCAQMD - South Coast Air Quality Management District • SCCIC - South Central Coastal Information Center • SCE - Southern California Edison • SCS - Sustainable Communities Strategy • SF6 - Sulfur Hexafluoride • SHL - California Historical Landmarks • SLF - Sacred Lands File • Sox - Oxides of Sulfur • SPHI - California Points of Historical Interest • STC - Sound Transmission Class • SWPPP - Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan • TAC - Toxic Air Contaminants • tpd – • • • Tons per Day • TTM - Tentative Tract Map • V/C - Volume to Capacity • VdB - Vibration Decibels • VMT - Vehicle Miles Traveled • WQMP - Water Quality Management Plan • WRP - Water Reclamation Plants